立式垃圾破袋机结构机械CAD图纸设计.doc

摘 要 现今无论是发展中国家还是发达国家，伴随着社会经济的快速发展，人民生活水平的日益提高，有形物质消费品的快速增长，城市垃圾的数量也在日益增加，它污染生态环境，占用土地资源，已演变为人类不得不面对的一个严峻的环境问题。但不容否认的是，垃圾中也蕴含着一笔不可小觑的“矿藏”，通过垃圾处理过程，可分解出很多再循环利用的物质[1][13]，这为我国提出的构建节约型社会，能够做出很大的贡献。因此，垃圾处理问题是一个亟待解决的重大问题。 在我国，垃圾普遍是装在一定规格的塑料袋中的。垃圾运到垃圾处理场后，第一道工序就是将垃圾袋进行破袋处理，而我国很长一段时间采用的破袋方式都是人工处理。这种破袋方式的弊端很多，如工作进度慢，对工作人员的身体造成伤害，很多可再循环利用的物质被损坏等。但随着我国科技水平的提高，很多大型垃圾处理场也都采用了新的破袋方式，例如激光破袋等。 本文设计了一款主轴为立式的垃圾破袋机，可实现直径在一定范围内的袋装垃圾进行破袋处理，从而使里面的垃圾暴露出来，以便进行下一道工序。本文所设计的垃圾破袋机主要结构由电动机、皮带轮、刀盘、主轴、主轴支架、钢桶等主要部件组成。其次，本文考虑了刀具的避让问题与防缠绕装置的设计问题，以便更好地对袋装垃圾进行破袋处理。 关键词：垃圾；破袋；立式；避让；防缠绕 Abstract Whether developing countries or developed countries today, with the rapid development of social economy, peoples living standard is increasing day by day, the rapid growth of the tangible material consumer goods, the number of urban garbage are also increasing, its ecological environment, land resources, has evolved into a human have to face the severe environmental problems. But there is no denying the fact that waste also contains a minerals to be reckoned with, through the garbage disposal process, can break down a lot of recycling material, this is our country proposed to build a conservation-minded society, can make a great contribution. So, the problem of waste disposal is a major problem to be solved. in our country, the garbage is common in certain specifications of the plastic bags. Trash to the landfill, the first step is to garbage bags broken bag processing, and for a long time in China by way of broken bag is manual handling. This way of broken bag of a lot of shortcomings, such as work progress slowly, cause harm to workers health, much to recycling material damage, etc. But with the improvement of science and technology in our country, many large landfill also adopted a new way of broken bags, such as laser torn bags. this paper designed a spindle for garbage bag machine, vertical diameter can be realized within a certain range of garbage bags broken bag processing, so that the