汽车变速箱箱体加工工艺及粗铣前后端面夹具机械CAD图纸设计.doc

摘 要 本设计是汽车变速箱箱体零件的加工工艺规程设计及铣削专用夹具设计。汽车变速箱箱体的主要加工表面是平面及孔系。一般来说，保证平面的加工精度要比保证孔系的加工精度容易。因此，本设计遵循先面后孔的原则,并将孔与平面的加工明确划分成粗加工和精加工阶段以保证孔系加工精度。基准选择以变速箱箱体的输入轴和输出轴的轴承孔作为粗基准，以顶面与两个工艺孔作为精基准。主要加工工序安排是先以轴承孔系定位加工出顶面，再以顶面与轴承孔系定位加工出工艺孔，在后续工序中除个别工序外均用顶面和工艺孔定位加工其他孔系与平面。轴承孔系的加工是采用镗模法镗孔，各平面采用铣削法加工，整个加工过程以数控组合机床为主数控铣床及加工中心为辅。夹具选用专用夹具，定位元件采用若干个支撑板一短圆柱销一短削边销，夹紧方式选用气动夹紧、夹紧可靠，然后分析定位误差和计算夹紧力，设计夹具体，绘制夹具装配图。 关键字：变速箱箱体 工艺规程设计 专用夹具设计 Abstract Those are the machining processing procedures and special clamping apparatus design of the automobile gear-box. The main machining surfaces of the automobile gear-box are planes and holes. Generally speaking, to guarantee the accuracy of the planes are easier than the holes’s. Therefore, the design follows the principle of planes first and holes second, and the machining of the holes and the planes are clearly divided into rough machining and finish machining stage. The supporting holes of the input and output shaft of the gear-box are as the rough datum, and the top plane and two fabrication holes are as the finish datum. The main processing process are fastening the gear-box with the supporting holes to process the top plane, then fastening the gear-box with the top plane and two fabrication holes to process the bearing holes. In the subsequent working procedure, in addition to some individual processes, the gear-box is fastened by the top plane and two fabrication holes to processing the othes. The whole processes are given priority to CNC combination machine tools，CNC milling machines and machining centers are complementary. The special clamping apparatus are used in the whole machining process, positioning components adopt a number of support plates , a short cylindrical pin and a short cutting edge pin, and the clamping way choose pneumatic and is very reliable.In the end I analysis the error and calculate the clamping force, design the body of the specific clamping apparatus. Key words: gear-box the design of the process planing the design of