MODULE4 CARNIVAL Grammar.ppt

Module 4;Grammar;Passive Voice;被动语态的用法:;②没有必要或不愿意指出谁是动作的执行者时，用被动语态。 e.g. Paper is made of wood. 纸是木头做的。 The window hasnt been cleaned for weeks. 窗户已经有几个星期没擦了。;③强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态。 e.g. The store is run by the trade union.这家店是工会办的。 We are inspired deeply by his story. 我们深深地被他的事迹鼓舞了。;am /is /are +过去分词 e.g. The Olympic Games are held every four years. 奥运会每四年召开一次。;一般过去时:;一般将来时:;现在进行时:;过去进行时：;现在完成时:;过去完成时： had been +过去分词 e.g. The fire had been put out before the firefighters arrived. 在消防队员来之前, 大火已被扑灭。;情态动词的被动： can /may /must /have to + be +过去分词 e.g. These goods must be sold out today. 这些货物今天必须被卖掉。 A mistake may be made in this plan. 在这个计划里或许犯了一个错误。;The sports meet has to be put off because of the rain. 由于大雨, 运动会被迫取消。 当强调动作的执行者时, 使用“by+动执 行者”的短语。 e.g. The vase was knocked off the table by the cat. 花瓶被猫从桌上摔碎了。 ;主动形式表示被动意思 ① e.g. The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 The baby needs/wants/requires looking after. (to be looked after.) 这个婴儿需要被照顾。;②表示主语的特征的动词，如read, write, sell, lock等, 用主动形式表示被动意义。 e.g. This kind of apples sell well. 这种苹果卖的好。 The pen writes smoothly. 这笔写起来很流畅 。;Read the sentences and answer the questions. 1. In the late 1970s the tradition was revived by students. 2. Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February.;a. Which sentence refers to the present? b. Which sentence refers to the past? c. Which sentence shows who did something? d. What does by show? By shows who performed the action.;Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.;3. They have offered me a large sum of money to go away. I have been offered a large sum of money to go a