虚拟语气2.pptVIP

Grammar; 虚拟语气是指所说的话只是一种与事实相反的主观愿望、假想或建议等。虚拟语气可用于条件状语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句以及其他结构中。;非真实条件状语从句中的虚拟语气。所表示的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的主句与从句都用虚拟语气。;e.g. If I knew the fact now, I would tell you. 假如我现在知道真相，我就告诉你了。 If the art dealer had had the money, he would have bought the painting. 假如那位画家有那么一笔钱，他就买那副画。 If you were to see Jane, what would you tell her? 假如你要去看珍妮，你会告诉她什么？;省略if的虚拟条件句的用法;混合型虚拟条件句（通常情况下，在非真实条件句中的主句和从句所指的时间是一致的，主从句的谓语动词要么都是与现在事实相反，要么都是与过去事实相反等。但有时也可能指不同的时间，这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语形式） e.g. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. 我要是你，我就采纳他的建议了。（从句指现在，主句指过去）;含蓄虚拟条件句;.有时虚拟语气可用等介词短语引导。 e.g. But for electricity (If there were no electricity), there would be no modern industry. In the absence of the keeper, the house would have been burned down. Under such circumstances I would probably have done the same. 在这样的情况下，我也可能做出同样的事情。 Without your help (If we had not had your help), we could not have succeeded.;有时虚拟语气可以由otherwise和but来引导。（注意otherwise暗含的虚拟条件句中，前一部分是陈述语气，后一部分是虚拟语气。but暗含的虚拟条件句中，前一部分是虚拟语气，后一部分是陈述语气。另外or也可以用来引导虚拟语气，前一部分是陈述语气，后一部分是虚拟语气。） e.g. I ran all the way to school, otherwise I would have been late.我一路跑到学校，不然就迟到了。 He felt very tired yesterday, or he would have helped you.他昨天很累，不然他会帮助你们的。;but that也可用来引导虚拟语气。(but that『要不是』引导的虚拟语气结构，从句部分是陈述语气，主句部分是虚拟语气) e.g. But that he was short of money at the time, he would have come to help us.要不是他当时缺钱，他也许就来帮助我们了。;分词短语或不定式短语也可引导暗含虚拟条件句。 e.g. You would have laughed to see him jump aside.(=If you had seen him jump aside, you would have laughed.) 你要是看到他跳到一边的样子会大笑起来。;.暗含虚拟条件的简单句的虚拟语气。（在某些暗含虚拟条件的简单句中，虚拟语气通过上下文表现出来。谓语动词用should/would be型和should/would have been型虚拟形式） e.g. Any man in his position would have done like that. 任何人处在他的位置都会那么做的。;虚拟语气也常用于 “If it were (had been) not for…”句型中，意思是 “要不是……”。 e.g. If it were not for peace, we could not be living a happy life today. 要不是有了和平，我们今天就不可能过上幸福的生活。;名词性从句中的虚拟语气;用于主语从句;e.g. It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting