常耀信美国文学史第三版Chapter6Whitman·Dickinson预案.pptxVIP

;In 1848, he traveled south to work in the New Orleans. In 1855, the first edition of his work, Leaves of Grass came out with his own money, which contained twelve poems. In 1856, his second edition of the book released , containing thirty-three poems, a letter from Emerson praising the first edition and a long open letter by Whitman in response. Whitman was buried in Harleigh Cemetery(公墓) after his death on March 26,1892. ;Religion;Whitmans sexual orientation is generally assumed to be homosexual or bisexual on the basis of his poetry, though this assumption has been disputed. His poetry depicts love and sexuality in a more earthy, individualistic way common in American culture before the medicalization of sexuality in the late 19th century. ;Orientalism;;Leaves of Grass;Whitman’s Major Works;Leaves of Grass 《草叶集》; First edition(1855) It contained twelve poems and did not sell well, but it made a stir on the American literary scene. It broke with the poetic convention, and its sexuality and exotic and vulgar language brought harsh criticisms on it. Fifth edition(1871) Whitman began to receive recognition in England and America. Deathbed edition(1891-92) It contained all of his 400-odd poems and became the single “poem”—his lifetime endeavor. ;Song of Myself 《自我之歌》; There Was a Child Went Forth《有个小孩走过来》 Crossing Brooklyn Ferry《过布鲁克林渡口》 Democratic Vistas《民主的前景》 Passage to India《向印度前行》 Proud Music of the Storm《骄傲的风暴之音乐》 Whitman’s poetry suggests, rather than tells; his whole Leaves of Grass is rather a dramatization of the idea that it is “a passageway to something rather than a thing in itself concluded.”;Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking《走出永不休止地摇动着的摇篮》;When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom《当紫丁香上次在庭院中开放的时候》;Walt Whitman’s;Themes in Whitman’s poems;Literary points of view;Writing Style;2) phonetic recurrence音律的重复;Influence;For his innovations in diction and versification, his frankness about sex, his inclusion of the commonplace and ugly and his censure