【学案导学】2016-2017学年高一英语人教版必修1课件：Unit 1 Period Three .pptxVIP

Unit 1　Friendship;Period Three　Grammar Writing;语法专题 直接引语和间接引语——陈述句和疑问句;;;对于直接引语和间接引语的掌握，我们可以遵循这样一个原则：一个概念，两种形式，三种句型，四种变化。 一个概念：直接引述别人的原话，叫作直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话，叫作间接引语。 两种形式：直接引语前后要加引号，间接引语不用加引号。 三种句型：陈述句、疑问句和祈使句。 四种变化：人称、时态、语序和状语。;一、陈述句 直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that引导，that在口语中可以省略。 The man said，“I am very poor.” →The man said (that) he was very poor. 二、疑问句 1.直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether或if引导。 He asked me，“Are you interested in English？” →He asked me if/whether I was interested in English. 2.直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词who，whom，whose，how，when，why，where等引导。 “Why did she refuse to go there？” the teacher asked. →The teacher asked why she had refused to go there.;三、直接引语变为间接引语时的四种变化 1.直接引语变间接引语时，要注意人称的变化。对于人称的变化，可记住下面的顺口溜：“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。” (1)“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果直接引语中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，在间接引语中，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称而变化。 She said，“My brother wants to go with me.” →She said her brother wanted to go with her.;(2)“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若直接引语中的主语及宾语是第二人称，或被第二人称所修饰，在间接引语中，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。 He asked Kate，“How is your sister now？” →He asked Kate how her sister was then. (3)“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果直接引语中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰，在间接引语中，从句中的人称一般不需要变化。 Mr. Smith said，“Jack is a good worker.” →Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker.;2.直接引语变为间接引语时，主句的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句(即间接引语部分)的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化。变化如下：;注意：直接引语变为间接引语时，从句时态不发生变化的情况： (1)主句的时态是一般现在时或一般将来时，变为间接引语时，从句时态不变。 He says，“I am very happy.” →He says that he is very happy. (2)直接引语是客观真理、谚语和格言时，其时态不变。 “The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth，” the teacher told me. →The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth. (3)直接引语中有具体的过去时间状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。 Tom said，“I was born on April 21,1980.” →Tom said he was born on April 21,1980.;3.直接引语是一般疑问句或特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时要把疑问句的语序变为陈述句的语序。 He asked me，“Do you really understand the meaning of the sentence？” →He asked me if I really understood the meaning of the sentence. 4.时间状语、地点状语、指示代词及方向性动词的变化。;时间状语;地点状语;题组训练 Ⅰ.将下列句子变为间接引语 1.He said，“These books