李晓红组 英汉同义近义关系对比研究.ppt

英汉同义近义关系对比研究组员：李晓红 周莹  天天  马娟  祝妤榕 ; Synonymy同义关系;2. Types of synonyms;More examples: scarlet-fever--scarlatina valuable--invaluable flammable--inflammable ;2） Relative synonyms相对同义词 Relative synonyms(near synonyms) are words which denote different shades of meaning or different degrees of a given quality. ;change – alter – vary To change a thing is to put another thing in its place To alter a thing is to make it different from which it was before To vary a thing is to alter it in different manner and at different times A man changes his habits, alters his conduct, and varies his manner of speaking.;3.Sources of synonyms同义词的来源;2) Dialects and regional English地域性语言和方言;3) Figurative and euphemistic use of words词的比喻和委婉用法 ;;4. Discrimination of synonyms同义词的区别;1)Difference in denotation. Synonyms may differ in the range and intensity of meaning. Some words have a wider range of meaning than others. For example, timid and timorous are synonymous, but the former is applied to both the state of mind in which a person may happen to be at the moment, and to the habitual disposition, and the latter only to the disposition. Therefore, timid has a wider range of meaning than timorous. ;2) Difference in connotation. By connotation we mean the stylistic and emotive colouring of words. Some words share the same denotation but differ in their stylistic appropriateness. For example, Synonyms differing in style old man, daddy, dad, father, male parent start, begin, commerce kick the bucket, pop off, die, pass away, decease;3)Difference in their emotive meaning collaborator accomplice ;4) Difference in application. Many words are synonymous in meaning but different in usage in simple terms. They form different collocations and fit into different sentence patterns. For example allow and let are synonyms, but we allow sb. to do sth. and let sb. do sth. It is the same with answer and reply. Answer is a transitive ver