汽车专业英语第二章讲述.ppt

CHAPTER 2 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE;;NEW WORDS;crankshaft [kr??k∫ɑ:ft]n.曲轴 swirl [sw?:l ]n.漩涡，涡流，紊流；v.涡动 churn [t∫?:n ]v.搅拌，搅动 foundation [faundei∫?n ]n.基础，基地，基金，机座 camshaft [k?m∫ɑ:ft]n.凸轮轴 accessory [?kses?ri]n.附属品，附件，辅助装置 clutch [kl?t∫]n.离合器 housing [hauzi?] n.外壳 bolt [boult] n.螺栓；v.用螺栓连接 core [k?:] n.芯，核心，铁心，型芯，沙芯，（电缆）芯线 ;aluminum [?lju:min?m]n.铝 liner [‘lain?]n.衬套，衬里，衬板 oscillate [‘?sileit]v.振荡，振动，波动，动摇 bearing [‘b??ri?]n.轴承 journal[‘??:n?l]n.轴颈 throw [?rou]n. v.投掷，扔；n.投掷距离，偏心距离，摆幅；（pl.）曲柄 attach [?‘t?t∫]v.附着，连接，固定（to） reciprocating [risipr?keiti?]a.往复的 ; mount [mɑunt]v.安装，固定；n.安装件，支架，机座 rim [rim]n.边缘，轮缘，轮辋，齿圈 heat-resistant [hi:t-ri‘zist?nt ]a.耐热的 clearance [‘kli?r?ns]n.间隙 lifter [‘lift?]n.挺杆 carburetion [kɑ:bjure∫?n]n.汽化 carburetor [kɑ:bjuret?]n.化油器 ;internal combustion engine 内燃机 four-stroke cycle 四冲程循环 spark plug 火花塞 intake stroke 进气行程 power stroke 作功行程 compression stroke 压缩行程 exhaust stroke 排气行程 connecting rod 连杆 ;insert bearing 镶入式轴承 valve seat 气门座 valve guide 气门导管 valve train 气门机构，气门组 hydraulic valve lifter 液力挺杆;2.1: principle of operation;Heat energy released in the combustion chamber raises the temperature of the combustion gases within the chamber. The increase in gas temperature causes the pressure of the gases to increase.; The pressure developed within the combustion chamber is applied to the head of a piston to produce a usable mechanical force, which is then converted into useful mechanical power. ;2.1.2: Engine Terms;Swept volume: the volume between TDC and BDC.;;;Intake (induction) stroke Compression stroke Power stroke Exhaust stroke;List the main systems of a gasoline engine ;List the main systems of a gasoline engine ;;;Linking the piston by a connecting rod to a crankshaft causes the gas to rotate the shaft through half a turn. The power stroke uses up the gas, so means must be provided to expel the burnt gas and recharge the cylinder with a fresh petrol-air mixture: this control of gas movement is the duty of the val