第四章定位研究.pptVIP

第4章;目录;数据管理;1.集中式结构;2.半分布式结构;3.分布式结构;4.层次式结构;4.6.2数据模型;4.6.3 查询语言;*;*;*;*;*;*;*;4.6.3数据存储;4.6.3数据存储 ;1.地理散列函数;地理路由协议GPSR;*;*;The probelm in Figure 2 is from x to D the route x-w-v-D and x-y-z-D are same in distance. 阴影区域存在空洞(Void).;*;*;目录;;Why Sensor Localization?;*;*;*;Isn’t GPS just the answer?;*;Applications;*;4.2.1 传感器网络节点定位问题;4.2.1 传感器网络节点定位问题; 现有无线传感器网络定位方法的分类 Centralized vs Distributed Anchor-free vs Anchor-based Range-free vs Range-based Mobile vs Stationary;Centralized All computation is done in a central server Distributed Computation is distributed among the nodes;Anchor Nodes: Nodes that know their coordinates a priori By use of GPS or manual placement For 2D three and 3D four anchor nodes are needed Anchor-free Relative coordinates Anchor-based Use anchor nodes to calculate global coordinates;Range-Free Local Techniques Hop-Counting Techniques ;Range-Based Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) Attenuation RF signal Time of Arrival (ToA) time of flight Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA) requires time synchronization electromagnetic (light, RF, microwave) sound (acoustic, ultrasound) Angle of Arrival (AoA) RF signal ;4.2.3 无需测距的定位技术;4.2.3 无需测距的定位技术;Hop-Count Techniques;2、DV-Hop算法;思考：DV-hop的Average Hop Size =？;Questions？;Questions;DV-Distance定位算法;DV-hop DV-Distance;4.2.2 基于测距的定位技术;Range-Based Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) Attenuation RF signal Time of Arrival (ToA) time of flight Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA) requires time synchronization electromagnetic (light, RF, microwave) sound (acoustic, ultrasound) Angle of Arrival (AoA) RF signal ;基于测距的定位方法;Trilateration三边测量法;Trilateration（三边测量）;Phase 2 – Multilateration（多点测量）;;测距方法;测距方法;测距方法;三角测量法;测角度方法;结论：哪种定位方法最好？;结论：;Questions;Questions;*;*;*;*;*;*;(2)到达时间/到达时间差(ToA/TDoA);(3)到达角(AoA);2、多边定位;3、Min-max定位方法;4.2.4 定位系统的典型应用