多元统计在地下水质分析中的应用解析.pptx

多元统计分析在地下水质分析中的应用马雷Email：Lei8505@163.com合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院在我们对某现象进行研究时，常常需要同时观测多个指标。如，分析一个地下水水化学特征时，要考虑Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+、HCO3-、SO42-、Cl-等多个指标；上述指标，在统计中通常称为变量。什么是多元统计分析如何同时对多个变量进行有效的分析和研究？一种做法是把多个变量分开分析，一次仅分析一个变量，最多也就是研究两个变量之间的关系，这就是我们已经在统计学中学过的一元统计分析；另一种做法是对这些所要研究的变量同时进行分析研究，即多元统计分析。什么是多元统计分析多元统计分析是研究多个变量之间关系以及内在的统计规律的一门统计学科。利用多元统计分析的方法不仅可以对多个变量之间的相互依赖关系以及内在的统计规律进行分析，而且还可以对研究对象进行分类和简化。什么是多元统计分析一元正态分布多元正态分布一元问题2007降雨量(mm)Ⅵ2C1-1观测水位(m)110-16.76263.1-17.1365.1-14.59430.2-15.74559.3-16.36696-16.947475.3-9.448171.5-7.77935.2-8.361035.3-9.91119.9-11.691212.3-13.07灰岩水位观测与降雨量是否有关系？降雨量水位曲线深度mⅥ-15Ⅳ西-33Ⅲ西-36Ⅳ东9624.1524.734015.525.3124.5251601927.2226.9526.9618019.327.4727.227.0820019.627.827.3127.112202028.1727.5227.532402128.5527.7427.9125021.528.68527.77528.062602228.8227.8128.212802329.0727.9728.5230023.529.3328.0328.733202429.6128.3728.96……75033.8540.7636.7538441.2837.0339.3478034.542.3737.440.2580034.642.7737.8240.9282035.343.2138.2641.3684035.843.8238.5741.9785035.9544.1538.7842.2886036.144.4838.9942.5988036.545.1939.2843.349003745.9339.5644.0892037.246.7539.944.994047.5340.2545.6895047.8940.41546.0496048.2540.5846.498049.2341.1247734754788105047.97510604842110048.61地温与埋深是否有关系？多元问题水样编号层位编号Ca2+mg/LMg2+mg/LK++Na+mg/LCO32-mg/LHCO3-mg/LCl-mg/LSO42-mg/L碱度meq/L溶解固形物mg/L总硬_德国度暂硬_德国度pHSY1019930061107.8229.6763.68070.4856.0222.848.53544.521.9321.937.4SY102004002122.2419.770.120261.7810.283.75.41265.57.657.658.8SY102007001164.9327.81104.60497.9244.3119.968.1645014.8114.817.79SY102007002162.5221.6479.780452.1626.2310.57.41422.513.7413.747.81SY102007003164.5323.2388.970469.2434.3916.467.69405.514.3814.387.97SY10200800114.410.4936.3213.8046.793.090.46104.900.730.7310.33SY102008002122.447.1740.920153.1623.754.942.51175.804.794.797.05……SY101964001345.0321.85837.430.00325.111026.30279.935.332373.1011.3011.308.00SY101965001343.8722.73843.500.00338.531027.20299.165.552405.7311.4011.408.00SY101965002342.4423.07846.000.00348.051025.402