Unit 1 词汇大学英语第三册第一单元词汇解读.docVIP

Book 3 UNIT ONE CHANGES IN THE WAY WE LIVE Text A MR. DOHERTY BUILDS HIS DREAM LIFE I. Vocabulary haul v. ①pull or drag something with effort or force用力拖，用力拉 【典型例句】They hauled the boat up onto the shore. 他们用力把船拖上岸。 ②transport, as with a truck, cart or train用卡车或马车搬运、拖运。 【典型例句】These farmers usually haul vegetables to the market nearby on a cart at five o’clock every morning. 农民们通常在每天清晨5点用马车将蔬菜拖运到附近的市场。 【辨析】haul, pull, draw, drag这组动词都可以表示“拉”、“拖”、“拽”的意思。 haul表示“强有力的拖或拉”，在美国英语中表示“运输”，这个词总表示“以机械或有关工具进行拖拉”，如：They had to haul the car out of the mud. 他们只得将车从烂泥里拖出来。 pull通用词，常伴有状语表示拖的方向，如：A small fishing-boat was carried miles out to sea by a powerful fish as it pulled on the line. 一条小渔船被一条力气很大的鱼拖着鱼线带到数英里以外的海上去了。 draw通常表示“向前方拖”或“向施加力的人或物的方向拖或拉”，并且包含着“比较轻易地或平滑地运动”，如：If a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air. 如果火车开进这条隧道，它会抽进新鲜空气。 drag含义是“慢慢而沉重地拽”，而且包含着被拖者进行着积极的或消极的反抗，如：When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes. 战俘杀死卫兵后，很快把他拖进矮树丛中。 【考点】在考试中，经常与haul搭配的短语有haul around(改变航向以躲避某物，退却、撤退)和 haul up(船迎风行驶，把……拖上来)。 【典型考题】Rescue workers ______ survivors out of the ruins of the church. A. took B. hauled C. put D. dragged 【答案】B 【解析】此题强调了用力拉，drag没有此意，它强调的是“缓慢而费力地拽或拉”；take 和put不符合题意。 译文：救援人员把幸存者从教堂的废墟中拉了出来。 【真题】If you want to get into that tunnel，you first have to ______ away all the rocks. (CET-6, 2000. 1) A. repel B. haul C. transfer D. dispose 【答案】B 【解析】A. repel的含义是“击退，逐开”，例如：A plastic coating repels moisture. 塑料涂层能 防潮。 B. haul的意思是“拖走，拖运”，例如：The old fisher man hauled up the fishing net.这个老渔夫将鱼网拉了上来。 C. transfer的意思是“转移，转学，改变”，例如：His employer transferred him to another office. 老板把他调到了另一个办公室。 D. dispose的意思是“处理，处置”，例如：We have to dispose of this pile of old papers and magazines. 我们得把这堆旧报纸和杂志处理掉。 译文：如果你想进入隧道，你应该先将石头拖走。 2. supplement 1) n. ①an additional amount that makes something complete or supplies something else that is needed 增补物，补充物 【典型例句】Vegetables