古代少林拳的历史发展.docVIP

古代少林拳的历史发展 一、少林拳术的早期起步 An early start, shaolin boxing 北魏太和十九年(495),孝文帝为了安置其所敬仰的印度高僧跋陀罗尊者,便在都城洛阳对面的嵩山始建少林寺,北魏正始五年(508),高僧勒拿摩提和菩提流支先后莅临少林寺,与众僧一起历经三年翻译完成了印度世亲菩萨《十地经论》,使少林寺成为当时北方禅学的佛学重镇。隋开皇年间(581—600),文帝诏赐少林寺土地一百余顷,使少林寺成为拥有广大农田和丰足房产的大寺院。隋朝末年,群雄蜂起,天下大乱,田产富庶的少林寺随之成为各路“山贼”攻劫的主要目标,以致“塔院被焚”,遭遇磨难,这段时期,为了保护寺院田产,少林寺的僧徒们便组织起僧众武装力量与攻打寺院的贼寇以及四处劫掠的官兵进行作战,由此形成了早期的少林功夫。唐武德二年(619),隋朝旧将王世充自行在洛阳称帝,号“郑国”,其侄王仁则占据了少林寺周边地界,为非作歹、欺压百姓。武德四年(621),当时少林寺院功夫绝伦、技艺超群的武僧昙宗、志操、惠场等十三人,受到秦王李世民的暗中邀请,参加了讨伐王世充的决定性战役,业绩彪炳,功勋盖世。“唐郑之战”三年后,李世民特派使臣专门到少林寺进行宣慰,对参战僧人犒劳封赏,准许少林寺组建武僧兵队,其中武僧昙宗还被封为大将军僧,少林寺其余众僧则“对危聊作将,事定复为僧”,自此少林众僧习武练艺之风逐渐形成气候,少林寺也因此而闻名于世,被誉为“天下第一名刹”。由于少林武僧经受过血雨腥风的实战考验,包括拳术在内的众多武术技艺开创了少林武功的兴盛时期,及至宋金、元代时期,少林拳术得到了前所未有的蓬勃发展和提炼革新。 Taihe 19 years (495), northern wei emperor xiaowen to put its admired Indian monk colophon sudra honour person, then in the shaolin temple of songshan built opposite the capital city of luoyang, zhengshi five years (508), northern wei monk Lena mo and bodhi stream has to visit the shaolin temple, monk after three years together with all the translation done kiss that bodhisattva in India by the theory of the ten, that became a northern town of zen Buddhism in the temple. Sui emperor period (581-600), emperor wen has given a letter to the shaolin temple more than one hundred hectares of land, makes the shaolin temple has vast farmland and abundance real estate big temple. At the end of the sui dynasty, pack to emerge, needless, possession of rich the shaolin temple has subsequently mountain thief robs main goal, so that DaYuan burning, suffer, during this period, in order to protect the temple estate, shaolin shortly and organize and attacked the temple monks armed forces always accompanied and plunder of the officers and soldiers in combat, around early of shaolin kung fu has been formed. Tang Wude two years (619), the sui dynasty old Wang Shichong themselves in luoyang peanuts, Zheng Guo, its primary Wang Renze occupied territory surrounding the shaolin temple, debacle, oppress