apoptosis研究.pptx

Apoptosis 临床专业 何婷婷Learning Objectives Research History of apoptosis Early in 1972, Kerr has been found that cell death in two forms, One is cell necrosis, and the other is PCD Theory . The rapid development of PCD theory in the early 90 century 2002年诺贝尔生理与医学奖获得者 concept Apoptosis: programmed cell death(PDC ) In order to maintain a stable internal environment, cell died Controlled by genes in autonomous and orderly manner. It involves a series of gene activation action, expression, regulation, etc. Not in pathological conditions and a phenomenon of body injury, In order to better adapt to the environment, it is a Active death process 细胞器肿胀，染色质凝集呈絮状 核固缩DNA片段化凋亡小体形成 细胞分解自溶 释放细胞内容物 炎症反应 细胞固缩染色质致密呈半月状 吞噬细胞吞噬凋亡小体 Changes in the nucleus Nucleosome fragments to lower the nuclear membrane or central portion of heterochromatin region gathered, condensed into chromatin block The changes of Cytoplasmic the concentrate of Cytoplasmic Mitochondrial volume increases, increased crest, vacuolization Endoplasmic reticulum cavity to expand Cytoskeleton disintegration Changes in cell membrane microvilli, projections, and cell connections gradually disappear However， Cell membrane remains intact Formation of apoptotic bodies Three ways： Eosinophilic bodies 病毒性肝炎时，肝细胞胞浆水分脱失浓缩，嗜酸性染色增强，胞浆颗粒消失。如进一步发展，胞浆更加浓缩之外，胞核也浓缩以至消失，最后剩下深红色均一浓染的圆形小体。 The difference between apoptosis and necrosis 区别点 细胞凋亡 细胞坏死 起因 生理或病理性 病理性变化或剧烈损伤 范围 单个散在细胞 大片组织或成群细胞 细胞膜 保持完整，一直到形成凋亡小体 破损 染色质 凝聚在核膜下呈半月状 呈絮状 细胞器 无明显变化 肿胀、内质网崩解 细胞体积 固缩变小