11Fungi(生物信息学国外教程2010版).ppt

Fungal and metazoan phylogeny Baldauf et al., 2000 Page 698 Fungal genome projects (11/09) There are 200 fungal genome projects (10 complete, 110 in assembly, 91in progress). Most of these are Ascomycetes 41 basidiomycetes 13 “other” including: Antonospora locustae 2.9 Mb Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis 20 Mb 20 chrom. Encephalitozoon cuniculi 2.5 Mb 11 chrom. Rhizopus oryzae 40 Mb Fungal genome projects (11/09) Ascomycetes include: Ajellomyces capsulatus (four strains) Aspergillus (7 species including Aspergillus nidulans) Botryotinia fuckeliana (2 strains) Candida (3 strains of C. albicans; total of 6 species) Coccidioides immitis (15 Coccidioides genomes) Kluyveromyces lactis (4 Kluyveromyces genomes) Neurospora crassa Pichia (5 genomes) Saccharomyces (14 genomes including S. cerevisiae) Schizosaccharomyces pombe (3 schizosacch. genomes) Yarrowia lipolytica Fungal genome projects (11/09) Basidiomycetes; size in megabases (Mb), # chromosomes () Coprinopsis cinerea okayama 37.5 Mb (13) Cryptococcus neoformans 20 Mb (14) Cryptococcus neoformans 18 Mb (14) Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii H99 20 Mb (14) Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans B-3501A18.52 Mb (14) Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans JEC21 19.05 (14) Lentinula edodes L-54 8 Mb Phakopsora meibomiae Phakopsora pachyrhizi 50 Mb Phanerochaete chrysosporium RP-78 30 Mb (10) Ustilago maydis 521 20 Mb (23) Fungal Genomes Central at NCBI /genome/guide/fungi/ Fungal pathogen: Aspergillus nidulans --Of 185 Aspergillus species, 20 are human pathogens --A. nidulans has a sexual life cycle (in contrast to A. fumigatus and A. oryzae [sake, miso, soy]). --A. nidulans has animal-like peroxisomal enzymes Page 715 Fungal pathogen: Candida albicans --Diploid sexually reproducing fungus --Causes opportunistic infections in humans --Genome: 14.8 Mb with 8 chromosome pairs. Seven of these are constant, and the 8th varies from 3 to 4 Mb. --No known hap