第二十讲金属自由气体模型.docVIP

第十九讲 金属自由气体模型 (Part 2) Density of States, DoS能态密度：单位体积的固体，单位能量间隔内的状态数目（考虑自旋性质）。 The total number of particles in V At T= 0 k Fermi Function What happens as we raise T, but keep kBTEF? By heating a Fermi gas, we excite some electrons. Only electrons with energies close to EF can be excited: empty states are available only above the Fermi energy. Thus, some states above EF (within a narrow energy range ~ kBT around EF) will be populated (占据，布局) and some states below EF depleted（倒空，腾空）. With increasing T, the step-like function is “smeared” over the energy range ~ kBT. At T=300K, ca