diabetes(2009下学期).pptVIP

Diabetes Feng Hui School of Nursing, CSU fh_csu@126.com Vocubulary diabetes mellitus amputation insulin glucagon胰高血糖素 epinephrine 肾上腺素 cortisol Gluconeogenesis 糖异生 glycogenolysis 糖原分解 glycogen糖原 ketone ketoacidosis 酮症酸中毒 polydipsia polyuria polyphagia hyperinsulinemia 高胰岛素血症 triglycerides 甘油三脂 hyperglycemia hypoglycemia Vocubulary hyperosmolar coma 高渗性昏迷 gestational diabetes妊娠糖尿病 oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) secondary diabetes继发性糖尿病 parenteral nutrition fasting plasma glucose glucocorticosteroids糖皮质激素类 glycosylated hemoglobin 糖化血红蛋白 Retinopathy视网膜病变 Nephropathy肾病 neuropathy lente insulin 牛胰岛素结晶 NPH 中效胰岛素 prefilled syringe subcutaneous (SQ) injection lipodystrophy 脂肪代谢障碍 Nosocomial医院内的infection Somogyi effect苏木杰效应；索莫奇效应 Sulfonylureas磺酰脲类药物 Meglitinides Biguanide α-glucosidase inhibitor葡糖苷酶抑制药 hypertriglyceridemia Kussmaul respiration high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS) microvascular osmotic diuresis hypovolemic shock. orthostatic hypotension直立性低血压 Diabetes definition Diabetes mellitus is a multisystem disease related to abnormal insulin production, impaired insulin utilization, or both. Glucose metabolism Classification of diabetes(ADA-1997) Type 1 (beta-cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency. Initiates in childhood or adolescence) Type 2 (may range from predominantly insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency to a predominantly secretory defect with or without insulin resistance. Generally initiates after 30 years of age) Other specific types：Gestational diabetes** How Serious Is Diabetes? The Financial Impact of Diabetes Is Also Staggering Etiology and pathophysiology Type 1 diabetes: Type 1 diabetes results from progressive destruction of pan-creatic ? cell due to an autoimmune process in susceptible individuals. Autoantibodies to the islet cells c