3D 计算机图形学的一些基础知识.pptxVIP

3D 计算机图形学的一些基础知识王朔2015.11摘自：3D Graphics for Game Programming（J. Han）将A(u)和B(u)的公式代入C(u)得到：?C(u) = (1-u)A(u)+uB(u)?= (1-u) [(1-u)P + uQ] +?u [(1-u)Q + uR]?= (1-u)^2 P +2u(1-u) Q + u^2 R????????????????????????( 0=u=1 )上面的公式给出了从三个控制点P、Q和R，求取参数u对于的曲线上点的方法，如果u=0，则C(0)=P；如果u=1，则C(1)=R，说明曲线通过P和R，与上图的观察是一致的；曲线、曲面（Surface）与Mesh可以认为surface是结构化的曲面，而Mesh是离散化的多边形组合实时三维场景渲染简介: 1）建立场景的几何描述，这部分工作一般是使用AutoCAD，3DMax，Maya等CAD软件创建。2）将三维几何描述根据相机 转换为二维视图。这部分根据场景的透视换3）对场景进行隐藏面的消隐和视锥外的物体进行必要的剔除，以及优化场景。4）光栅化Polygon MeshrefinementsimplificationPolygon Mesh Representation – Non-indexed Triangle ListThree vertices are read in linear order to make up a triangle.It is inefficient because the vertex buffer contains redundant data. Polygon Mesh Representation – Indexed Triangle ListThree indices per triangle are stored in the index buffer.This representation is called an indexed triangle list. World Transform (cont’d) 2-More on RotationLook at the origin of the coordinate system such that the axis of rotation points toward you. If the rotation is counter-clockwise, the rotation angle is positive. If the rotation is clockwise, it is negative. 2-Euler TransformWhen we successively rotate an object about the x-, y-, and z-axes, the object acquires a specific orientation.The rotations angles (?x,?y,?z) are called the Euler angles. When three rotations are combined into one, it is called Euler transform. 2-View TransformThe world transform has been done, and now all objects are in the world space. Next step: camera pose specificationEYE: camera positionAT: a reference point toward which the camera is aimedUP: view up vector that roughly describes where the top of the camera is pointing. (In most cases, UP is set to the y-axis of the world space.)Then, the camera space, {EYE, u, v, n}, can be created. 2-View Transform (cont’d)A point is given different coordinates in distinct spaces.If all the world-space objects can be newly defined in terms of the camera space in the manner of the teapots mouth, it b