大学英语文化与影视课程之古罗马文化研讨.ppt

Roman Culture 2.1 Romans and Greeks ★The burning of Corinth in 146 B.C. marked Roman conquest of Greece, which then was reduced to a province of the Roman Empire. ★Latin was the language of the western half of the Roman Empire, Greek that of the eastern half. ★Things shared by the Romans and the Greeks ◆Both peoples had traditions rooted in the idea of the citizen-assembly, hostile to monarchy and to servility(奴颜媚骨). Question: What kind of ideal did both peoples pursue in their political life? ◆Their religions were alike enough for most of their deities to be readily identified. 雅努斯 Janus 门神，具有前后两个面孔或四方四个面孔，象征开始。朱庇特 Jupiter 神王。相对应于希腊神话的宙斯Zeus.朱诺 Juno 神后，相对应于希腊神话的赫拉Hera.墨邱利 Mercury 神的使者，相对应于希腊神话的赫耳墨斯Hermes.维纳斯 Venus 美神、爱神，相对应于希腊神话的阿佛洛狄德Aphrodite。 玛尔斯 Mars 战神，相对应于希腊神话的阿瑞斯Ares。但形象较阿瑞斯正面许多。 萨敦 Saturn 朱庇特的父亲，相对应于希腊神话的科罗努斯Kronus。 玛亚 Maia 墨邱利的母亲，花神。 狄安娜 Diana 月亮女神，相对应于希腊神话的阿尔忒弥斯Artemis。 阿波罗 Apollo 太阳神，希腊和罗马名字相同。 米诺娃 Minerva 智慧女神，相对应于希腊神话的雅典娜Athena。 赛尔斯 Ceres 谷物和丰收女神，相对应于希腊神话的狄蜜特Demeter。 伏尔肯 Vulcan 火神，维纳斯的丈夫，相对应于希腊神话的赫斐斯托斯Hephaestus。 尼普敦 Neptune 海王神，相对应于希腊神话的波赛东Posidon，朱庇特的弟弟。 普鲁托 Pluto 冥神，相对应于希腊神话的哈底斯Hades，朱庇特的弟弟。 丘比特 Cupid 小爱神，维纳斯的儿子，相对应于希腊神话的爱罗斯Eros。 欧若拉 Aurora 黎明女神，相对应于希腊神话的厄俄斯Eos。 ◆Their language worked in similar ways, and were ultimately related, both being members of the Indo-European language family which stretches from Bangladesh to Iceland. ★Differences ◆There was one big difference. The Romans built up a vast empire while the Greeks didn’t except for the brief moment of Alexander’s conquest, which soon disintegrated. ◆The Romans were confident in their own organizational power, their military and administrative capabilities, shown by the uniformity with which they put their system smoothly and quickly into effect, wherever in the world the went. ◆The Romans knew that the Greeks enjoyed an artistic and intellectual inheritance much older and immeasurably richer than their own. They respected this inheritance and assimilated it for the artistic