物理教学中量纲析法的应用本科毕业论文.docVIP

本科学生毕业论文（设计） 物理教学中量纲分析法的应用 物理教学中量纲分析法的应用 [摘要] 量纲是物理学中的基本概念，也是学习物理和研究物理学问题的重要出发点。量纲分析法是在物理领域中建立数学模型的一种重要方法。其根据是一个物理定律的数学描述，等式两端必须保持量纲一致，或称量纲齐次性。因此，所谓量纲分析法，就是利用量纲齐次原则，来寻求各物理量之间关系的一种方法。用这种方法可从单一的前提条件对某一物理现象推论出许多关于所涉及的物理量的相关信息，有时，在某些复杂现象的开始研究阶段，量纲分析法是惟一可行的理论方法。所以，该方法对物理问题尤其是复杂问题的数学模型，具有十分重要的意义。本文通过对量纲基本理论、量纲与单位之间关系的讨论，指出了π定理和量纲分析应遵循的法则，并对量纲分析法验证物理关系、单位制换算、探求物理规律等主要应用作出了阐述。并列举几个量纲分析法建模的实例，指出量纲分析法建立数学模型时的注意事项及其局限性。 [关键字] 量纲分析 π定理 量纲法则 量纲齐次性 Dimensional analysis method in the teaching of physics application Abstract Dimension in physics is the basic concept, is also learning physics and physics research issues important to the starting point.Dimensional analysis method in the physical area of the establishment of the mathematical model of an important method.It is based on a mathematical description of physical law, equality ends must maintain dimensional consistency, or dimensional homogeneity.Therefore, the dimensional analysis method, is the use of dimensional homogeneous principle, to seek the physical relationship between a method.By this way, from a single premise condition to a physical phenomenon and infer a lot about the physical quantity related information, sometimes, in some complex phenomenon began to study phase, dimensional analysis is the only feasible theory.Therefore, the method on physics problem is especially complicated mathematical model of the problem, have very important sense.Based on the basic theory of dimension, dimension and units of the relationship between, pointed out the pion theorems and dimensional analysis should follow the rules, and the dimensional analysis method validation of physical relationship, unit conversion, explore the physical laws of main application explained.And lists several dimensional analysis method modeling examples, points out that the dimensional analysis method to establish the mathematical model of the matters needing attention and its limitations. KeyWords Dimensional analysis π theore