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Unit 1 Vocabulary Section C 1. C 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. D 7. A 8C. 9. B 10.B Translation Section A Human culture has given the illusion that our memories go further back than that. Before writing was invented, the experience of earlier generations, contained in myths and moral stories to guide behavior, was passed down verbally or, to a lesser extent, in pictures, carvings, and statues. Writing has made more precise and more extensive the transmission of such information and, in recent times, photography has sharpened our images of the immediate past. Even so. We still have difficulty in thinking steadily of the march of history in such a way that we can truly experience the slow passage of time. Our minds are not built to deal comfortably with periods as long as hundreds or thousands of years. Section B 语言是人类彼此交流的主要手段。尽管语言主要通过说话来表达，它也可以是转换成其他方式进行，如文字/书写。语言的特大优点就是它能使经验得到传播。一代人所学会的东西可以完整无缺地传给下一代。教学在很大程度上可以替代个人经验。文字甚至比话语更有助于人类知识宝库的建设，它还能通过记录的手段辅助记忆。正是有了这种积累个人经验的便利条件，才使人类的进步成为可能。 Unit 2 Translation Section A In 1994, with her fortieth birthday fast approaching, Winfrey found herself at both a personal and professional crossroads. Daytime television had become crowded with chitchat. Winfrey and her many competitors offered topics that appealed to audiences who liked gossip and scandal. Even though Winfrey remained the leader of the talk show genre, talk-TV had turned terribly trashy. The thought of retiring from the show to concentrate on acting and producing occurred to Winfrey often. But instead of leaving the show, Winfrey promised to refocus her show on uplifting, meaningful subjects. Section B 奥普拉·温弗瑞计划在2011年9月结束自己通过全美电视辛迪加播出的奥普拉脱口秀节目，并将工作重心转向她计划与探索通信公司联手推出的新有线电视视频道。奥普拉可能将工作重心转移至名下一个名为OWN，即The Oprah Winfrey Network 的全新电视网络，这是她与探索通信公司于2008年1月宣布成立的。这个新的企业是奥普拉与探索通信以五五分成的形式组建的， Oprah. Com 网站也被纳入其中。 Unit 4 Ⅴ. Translation The ups and downs of life may seem to have no predictable plan. But scientists now know there are very definite l