动物在汉英语言中的隐喻现象研究.docVIP

邵阳学院 成人教育本科毕业论文（设计） 题 目：动物在汉英语言中的 隐喻现象研究 专 业：汉语言文学 姓 名：谭贵菊 学习站点：湖南衡阳 完成时间：2012年 5月 6 日 邵阳学院 目 录 1 绪论 1 2 汉语动物隐喻现象 1 2.1 动物隐喻的形成 1 2.2动物隐喻的研究方法 2 3 汉语中常见动物的基本隐喻 3 3.1牛的隐喻 3 3. 2马的隐喻 5 3.3 龙的隐喻 6 3.4 凤 7 4 结语 7 参考文献 8 致 谢 10 摘 要 认知语言学认为隐喻在本质上是通过一种事物来理解和体验另一种事物。隐喻一方面体现了人类所要认知的世界，另一方面隐喻以其形成的语言形式来影响人的思维方式。动物与人类活动关系密切，人类或视动物为敌、或视动物为友、或视动物为肉食来源，动物与人类相生相克，息息相关。人们发现动物的形象和某些本质特征与人类社会中的各种现象存在着某种相似之处，引发对两者之间的相似性进行思考，表达对某一现象的认识或者经验教训。因此在各种语言中都不乏具有隐喻意义的动物词语。因地理环境的影响，文化背景与思维方式的不同，在所形成的动物隐喻词汇中虽然有一些相似之处，但也有相当多的动物隐喻是差异较大甚至截然相反的，这就有可能给外国人学汉语带来负迁移，本文希望梳理一下汉语中较为常见的四种动物隐喻，并通过中英对比，揭示各自的特点和差异，从而给汉语教学提供帮助。 关键词：隐喻 动物 认知 谚语 ABSTRACT Cognitive linguist considers metaphor in essence, is the use of one object to understand and experience another object. Metaphor on the one hand manifests the cognitive world of mankind. On the other hand, it also uses an existing form of language to influence one’s thinking. Animal and mankind have a close-knit relationship. Mankind sometimes view animal as a friend or as an enemy or as a source of food supply. Animal and mankind co-exists together and their activities intertwined, influencing each other. Mankind found in animal certain characteristics and images which are similar, leading to an analysis of their similarities to make sense of one’s experience and relationship with one’s surrounding. Therefore, there are many phrases and expressions on animal metaphors in different languages. Owing to the differences in social environment, cultural background and linguistic habits, there are many animal metaphors, though similar, which also differ vastly if not totally. This could cause some confusion to foreigners trying to learn the Chinese language. This thesis hopes to categorize the most commonly used four animal metaphors and through a comparison of the metaphors of the east and west and highlighting its characteristics, it hopes to offer a tool to help in the teachings of the Chinese language. Keywords: metaphor animal cogni