2013年职称英语等级考试用书(理工类A.B.C)阅读理解-第三篇.docVIP

第三篇 Citizen Scientists (C级) 第三篇 公民科学家 Understanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle event — flowering, the appearance of leaves, the first frog calls of the spring —all around the world. But ecologists can’t be everywhere so they’re turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists, for help. 理解大自然对气候变化有怎样的反应需要监视世界各个角落的关键生命周期事件——花开、叶子的出现、第一只青蛙叫出春天的到来。但是生态学家不可能去到世界的各个角落，所以他们向非科学家求助，这些非科学家有时也被称作公民科学家。 frog n. 蛙 ecologist n. 生态学家 life cycle:生命周期，即生物发展过程的系列变化。 respond [英] [risp?nd][美] [r?spɑnd]vt. vi.回答，响应vi.作出反应，响应；回报或回复 turning [英] [t?:n??][美] [t?:n??]n.旋转；转向；转弯处；车工工艺v.转动；扭转；（使）变成；“turn”的现在分词复数：turnings Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, they’re asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest — birds, trees, flowers budding, etc. —and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All that’s needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in. 气象科学家不可能足迹遍及天下。因为在世界上有如此多的地方，没有足够的科学家来观察它们。所以他们请求你来帮助观察全世界气候变化的迹象。公民科学家运动鼓励普通人根据自己的兴趣来观察某一个特定的方面——鸟儿、树木、花开等等——并把他们的观察结果发送到一个巨大的数据库来供专业科学家研究。这有助于数量有限的科学家得到如果只靠他们自己根本收集不到的巨大数据。就像公民记者帮助报道传统新闻报道方式所忽略的小型社区的相关信息一样，公民科学家也对他们所居住的环境很熟悉。所需要的就是每天或每周留出几分钟来搜集数据并发送过来。 observe [英] [?bz?:v][美] [?bz?v]vt. vi.观察；研究vt.遵守；（尤指为科学目的的）观察；看到；保持vi.注意；说；评述；当观察员 encourage [英] [ink?rid?][美] [?nk?r?d?, -k?r-]vt.鼓励，鼓舞；支持；促进；鼓动第三人称单数：encourages过去 specific [英] [spisifik][美] [sp?s?f?k]adj.明确的；特种的；具体的；[免疫学]特效的 复数