移植免疫2013试题.ppt

中南大学湘雅医学院免疫教研室田 伟 博士， 教授 Allografts: transplants from a genetically unrelated donor of the same species. Allogeneic transplantation: the last resort for the treatment of chronic organ failure. the major complication post-transplantation is rejection. Rejection occurs in almost all transplant recipients, to varying degrees. Antigen independent mechanisms Peritransplant ischemia Mechanical trauma Reperfusion injury Peritransplant injury induces chemokines that increase inflammation and immunity Content Immunological mechanism in allogeneic graft rejection Types of transplant rejection Principles to prevent transplant rejection Trends and advances in experimental transplant immunology 第1节 同种异体移植排斥的机制 Types of transplantation Histocompatibility and graft survival 一.引起同种移植排斥反应的抗原 人类主要组织相容性抗原（HLA) HLA型别的差异是发生移植排斥反应的主要原因. IMGT/HLA??Sequence Database ?Statistics Allele Information HLA Class I Alleles: 1,156 HLA Class II Alleles: 712 HLA Alleles: 1,868 Other Alleles: 67（Including 56 MICA alleles) 次要组织相容性抗原（minor Histocompatibility antigens, mH抗原） 与性别相关的mH抗原 Y染色体基因编码的H-Y抗原. 非Y染色体连锁的mH抗原(HA-1~HA-5)  Identification of the Minor Histocompatibility Antigen HA-1 Correlates with the development of severe graft versus host disease (GvHD) after human leukocyte antigen-identical bone marrow transplantation. Derived from nonapeptide of an allele of the KIAA0223 gene. KIAA0223 gene forms a diallelic system. The two alleles differ in: Two nucleotides A single amino acid. VLHDDLLEA is encoded by an allele HA-1H. VLRDDLLEA is encoded by an allele HA-1R. HA-1 (HA-1H) has a population frequency of 69%. HA-1R represents the HA-1-negative allelic counterpart with a frequency of 31% in the population. Peptide HA-1R (VLRDDLLEA) could not be detected in the HLA-A*0201-eluted peptides. The binding affinity of peptide HA-1R (VLRDDLLEA) was 1/12 of that of peptide HA-1H (VLHDDLLEA)