【创新方案】2017届高考英语一轮复习 语法专项突破 第9讲 定语从句 北师大版.docVIP

[深化认知] 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who, whom, whose引导的定语从句 (1)who和whom指人，who在定语从句中作主语；whom在定语从句中作宾语，在限制性定语从句中可省略。在口语中可用who代替whom。 Some people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields. 有些在语言学习上很有成就的人，在其他领域常常一无所成。 I have many friends to whom Im going to send post-cards. 我打算给很多朋友寄贺卡。 (2)whose指人或物，在定语从句中作定语，指物时常可用of which代替。 Children who are not active or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. 很少进行体育锻炼或饮食富含脂肪的孩子体重会增加很快。 2．that, which引导的定语从句 (1)that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，作宾语或表语时可省略。指物时其用法和which大致相同，但也有区别。 (2)which指物，在定语从句中作主语和宾语，作宾语时，在限制性定语从句中可省略。另外，which可用来指代前面句子的部分或全部内容。 The boy was away from home for a week, which worried his parents very much. 这个男孩离家一个星期了，这使他父母很担心。 (3)定语从句中只用that不用which的情况： 　①先行词是all, something, everything, anything, nothing, little, much, few等不定代词时； Is there anything (that) I can do for you? 有什么我可以为你做的事吗？ 　②先行词被all, any, every, no, little, much, some等词修饰时； All the people that come from the country work much harder. 所有来自农村的人工作都更努力得多。 　③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词时； The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他们参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。 　④先行词被the only, the very (正是，恰是), the last修饰时； This is the very book that you are looking for. 这正是你在找的那本书。 　⑤先行词中既有人也有物时； He talked about the people and the place that he had visited in that country. 他谈到了他在那个国家所见到的人和所参观的地方。 　⑥在which或who的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句时。 Who is the woman that is standing against the wall? 靠墙站着的那个女人是谁？ (4)定语从句中只用which的情况： 　①在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前时； The chair on which he sat is made of wood. 他坐的那把椅子是用木头做的。 　②引导非限制性定语从句时； Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. 足球是一项非常有趣的运动，全世界都在踢足球。 　③当先行词是that/those时； Whats that which flashed in the sky just now? 刚才在天空中一闪而过的是什么？ 　④有两个定语从句时，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用that，另一个宜用which； Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us. 给你看一下我从新开放的图书馆里借的那本小说。 　⑤which用作定语时。 He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him. 他也许会迟到，那样的话，我们应该等他。 二、关系副词引导的定语从句 1．关系副词when, wher