基于单片机的锅炉温度控制系统的设计概念.doc

基于单片机的锅炉温度控制系统的设计 摘 要 在对当前采暖需求情况广泛调查的基础上，结合工程实际需要，针对小型家用燃气锅炉的特点，研制开发了基于MCS-51单片机的小型家用燃气锅炉温度控制系统，旨在使用燃煤锅炉集中采暖时所遇到的锅炉温度不易控制，改进家庭采暖的控制方式，提高采暖的经济性。利用 Protel99se电路设计软件，对智能控制器的电源电路、复位电路、时钟电路、报警电路、LCD液晶显示电路以及控制器的核心—温度采集电路进行了设计。电源采用三端集成稳压器W7800 (W7900)系列元件7805,交流220 v电压转换为单片机所需要的5V电压；利用AT89S51作为控制器的核心器件；利用集成电路温度传感器DS18B20测量锅炉水温;将测量的水温与设定值比较，单片机另外使用LCD液晶显示器显示水位的上下限值、当前水位、预先设定的温度报警值和当前采集的温度值。当温度超过设定的报警温度值，系统会发出报警声音，同时关闭锅炉燃烧器。等待温度降到下限值，这时就可以重新锅炉燃烧器通电，继续加温，如此反复监控温度。这样就可以节约能源，提高能源的使用率。针对系统的要求和特点，在上述硬件电路及实现方法的基础上，利用汇编语言，设计了基于单片机的锅炉温度控制系统。控制软件主要包括温度和温度采集子程序、水位控制程序、键盘扫描子程序和LCD液晶显示子程序等。通过对温度和水位的测试，可以发现所设计的控制系统能够满足设计要求，达到了预期的效果。 关键词Microcontroller-based design of the boiler temperature control system ABSTRACT According to the market demand and the characteristics of domestic heating, this paper develops MCU intelligence controller for the minor gas-fired boiler which is domestic heating equipment on the basis of investigation of heating demand widely. The research purpose is to change the inconvenience of temperature control bring by using coal fired boiler for centralized heating, to increase economics of heating.The software called Protel99se for circuit designed is used to develop the hardware of the controller. The hardware includes the power supply circuit, the reset circuit,the clock circuit, the alarm circuit, the LCD display circuit, and the temperature collection which is the core of this controller. The three-pin integrated-circuit voltage regulator W7800 (7900) series component 7805 is used for the power supply. The Atmel AT89S51 chip is the core chip of the controller. The integrated temperature sensor DS18B20 is used to measure water temperature in boiler. The key circuit is used to set the alerm temperature and analog water in or out. In addition, LCD is used to display water level bound, current water level, temperature alerm value by presupposition and current temperature. When water level beyond its bound or when current temperature beyond its alerm value, the sy