药理学病因精要.pptVIP

内风是由于肝的功能失调而发生的。主要见症是眩晕、振掉、抽搐。 1.风为阳邪,其性轻扬开泄2.风性善行而数变 The wind evil possesses a penetrating ability, and pertains to the yang evils. The wind evil is movable and changeable. The wind evil have characteristic of wavering. The wind is the leading evil of all diseases. 外风 伤风: Being a yin evil, cold tends to impair yang-qi. Cold congeal and stagnate, and cold produces pain. It is the nature of cold to contract and to shrink. Change to heat as cold long time in body. 外寒 寒邪束表: 寒滞经脉: 内寒 The summer-heat belongs to the yang evil, and it is hot by nature. The summer-heat evil is characterized by its ascending and dispersing activity, and it can consume qi and impair body fluid. The summer-heat evil often mingles with pathogenic dampness. 伤暑 暑湿证 The damp evil is related with heaviness and turbidness. Dampness is characterized by stickiness and stagnancy. The damp evil belongs to the yin evil and it tends to disturb the functional activities of qi and injure the yang-qi. Dampness tends to descend and attack the yin-site of the body. Dryness has a nature of drying and puckering, and tends to impair the body fluid. Dryness tends to impair the lung. 外燥 内燥 Pathogenic fire-heat is one of the yang evils and it flames upwards. Fire is likely to consume qi and impair the body fluid. Fire may produce wind and stir up the blood . Fire is likely to cause sores and ulcers. 病理产物致病因素 痰饮 瘀血 结石 常 见 的 燥 证 燥邪 温燥：发于初秋，燥与热合，燥而偏热。 凉燥：发于深秋，燥与寒合，燥而偏寒。 发热、恶寒、头痛无汗、口干咽燥、皮肤干燥、咳嗽少痰或无痰、舌苔薄白而干… 发热、微恶风寒、头痛、少汗、干咳或痰粘量少、咳而不爽、胸胁疼痛、皮肤及鼻咽干燥、口渴心烦、舌边尖红… 常 见 的 燥 证 燥邪 1.外感病高热，或汗出过多，伤津化燥； 2.久病精血内夺； 3.误用汗、下，伤津亡液 4.营养障碍； 5.瘀血内阻… 津血不能滋润 口渴、皮肤干燥粗糙、毛发干枯不荣、大便秘结、肌肉消瘦、舌燥无津、脉细涩… 概 念 火邪 火与热 温为热之渐，火为热之极 区别： 程度 来源 称谓 强 内生 弱 外感 邪气 火 热 正气 邪气 性 质 和 致 病 特 点 火邪 1.火(热)为阳邪,其性炎上2.火易耗气伤津 3.火易生风动血4.火易致肿疡 常 见 的 火 证 火邪 实火 起病急,病程短,机体正气尚盛。 面红目赤、心烦发热恶热、口渴喜冷饮、大便秘结或泻下粘秽、小便短赤、舌红苔黄、脉数实有力。 甚则神昏谵语、妄躁不安。或见疮疡红肿热痛，或见吐血、衄血、尿血、便血以及发斑… 常 见 的 火 证 火邪 虚火 起缓慢,病程长,机体正气虚衰。