名词性从句解析例题.docVIP

名 词 性 从 句 ?? 名词性从句包括：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连词有： a.连词：that, whether, if（这三个词都不作从句的成分，同时，that无含义，而whether和if都表“是否”） b.疑问代词：who, whom, whose, what, which c.疑问副词：when, where, why, how （一）主语从句 在复合句中充当主语的从句。 1.that引导主语从句 ?? that引导主语从句时不同于其他的连词，既无词义也不作成分，只起单纯的连接作用，且通常不可以省。为了强调that引导的主语从句而置之于句首时，that不可省。 ? ①that the driver could not control his car was obvious. ? ②that she was chosen made us very happy. ? ③that he will come is certain. ? ④that he would take the risk is true. ? ⑤that he should have married her isnt surprising. ★通常，that引导主语从句时用it做形式主语，把从句置于句尾，此时that有时可省。例如： ? ①it was obvious that the driver could not control his car. ? ②it made us very happy that she was chosen. ? ③it is certain that he will come. ? ④it is true that he would take the risk. ? ⑤it isnt surprising (that) he should have married her. ★如果以that从句为主语的句子是疑问句，就只能用先行词it结构。例如： ①is it certain that he will come? ②is it true that he would take the risk? ▲it做形式主语有以下几种不同的结构： (1)it + be + 形容词+ that-从句 ①it is likely that he will come. ②it is strange that she has ever trusted him. ③it is important that he（should) attend the meeting. ④it is best that he (should) go. ?? 此句型在表示惊讶、喜悦、遗憾等感情色彩时，that从句中的谓语动词也常用（should）+ v原形。 ?? it is strange that no one should have objected to the plan. (2)it + be +名词+ that-从句 ?? it is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish... ?? its a pity that he should have massed the train. (3) it + be + -ed分词 + that从句 ?? it is said that he is a famous writer. ?? it is reported that there will be a storm this afternoon. ▲在表示建议、要求、命令等意义的被动结构中，that从句中的谓语动词常用（should）do。（参见虚拟语气部分） it is suggested that the meeting(should）be held this afternoon. it is demanded that he (should) leave at once. (4) it + seem/happen/appear等不及物动词+that从句。（look不接that从句，它接to be结构或形容词） it seems that he is wrong. it appears that they are in urgent need of help. he looks (to be) surprised/happy/sad. 2. whether引导主语从句，意为“是否”，只起连接作用，不充当任何成分。(置于句首时必须用whether引导，置于句尾时，间或可用if。) whether he will win the game is not clear.