对无公害蔬菜生长环境的检测仪器的设计6i11.doc

对无公害蔬菜生长环境的检测仪器的设计 摘 要 蔬菜是最为重要的日常食物，对维持人体正常生理功能和增进健康具有不可替代的作用。随着现代工业迅速发展以及化肥、农药等农用物资的大量施用，蔬菜产地环境质量和其品质受到严重影响。 射线探测器的能量分辨本领是能量色散荧光分析实现高灵敏度多元素分析的关键。本文将具有高能量分辨率的电致冷SI-PIN半导体探测器应用于携带式X荧光仪，并设计、研制了与探测器相配套的电子线路单元和应用软件。通过最佳“源样探”几何参数论证，设计了基于同位素激发源的“对称边源”激发装置，有效提高荧光探测的峰背比，进一步提高分析灵敏度;设计并制作了无变压器式高压偏置电源和开关型温控致冷电源，提高系统信噪比并降低了静态功耗整个系统的设计符合环境监测仪器的基本要求在缺乏试验条件的实际情况下，对系统关键参数。这对提高作物品质进一步推广无公害蔬菜种植、促进农业的可持续发展具有重要意义。  DESIGN OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL MEASUREMENT DEVICE TO THE GROWTH OF POLLUTION-FREE VEGETABLES ABSTRACT Vegetables are necessary food in peoples daily life, which are advantageous to peoples physiological functions and health. With the developments of modem industry, and the using of a large number of chemic fertilizers and pesticide made the quality of vegetables and the environment of vegetables bases are becoming worse. As the energy resolution ability for X-ray detector is so important for high sensitive multi-element analysis using Energy-dispersive X-ray Fluorescence(EDXRF)method. The SI-PIN type thermoelectrically cooled semiconductor detector is adapted in a portable XRF analyzer. The related electronics units for SI-PIN detector and the application software are designed and developed. After the optimization geometry parameters of source-sample-detector is calculated and discussed, an isotope excitation source based Balance Sides structure excitation source device is designed. This scheme is found out to be effective for improving the peak-to-background radio of XRF. And the detecting sensitivity is improved as well; Transformer-less high voltage bias circuit and temperature feedback self-adjustable voltage switching regulator for electric-cooler are developed. These circuits can improve the performance of signal-to-noise radio, reliability, and reduce power consumption of the entire system. The design is based on the in-depth understanding of the basic principle of MCU(Micro Controller Unit). The design of the whole system of environmental monitoring equipmen