(参考)欠平衡钻井过程中的风险分析及对策研.docVIP

欠平衡钻井过程中的风险分析 及对策研究 学生姓名：张红雨 专业班级：安全工程06-2班 指导教师：贾星兰 2010年6月 20 日欠平衡钻井过程中的风险分析及对策研究 摘 要 ABSTRACT Underbalanced drilling technology is a rapid development of new drilling technology in the world in the 1990s. In the United States, underbalanced drilling technology called upstream oil industry has become the new technology, the development of drilling technology. However, due to the particularity of its technology and principle, cause blowout accidents occur frequently. Therefore, exploring underbalanced drilling blowout reasons, formulate corresponding measures to improve the security of this technology, but also the important component.In view of the above situation, based on fault tree of underbalanced drilling process of the safety accidents at the main job of system analysis, are as follows: 1. Data collected by accident TREE edit, search blowout of the literature data, summarize the reason, according to the classification of FAULT TREE, using the causal relationship with edit for the event of blowout of accident TREE. 2. The accident tree analysis of the qualitative and quantitative analysis, Find a blowout accidents and the relationship between the basic event, One of the main factors of the structure importance. 3. In the accident tree analysis results of underbalance pressure drilling process, the key technology, operation, management, puts forward the corresponding improvement measure. Keywords: Underbalanced drilling technology; Fault tree; Safety analysi目 录 第1章 前 言 1 1.1引言 1 1.2 欠平衡钻井技术简介 1 1.2.1 欠平衡钻井的定义 1 1.2.2 欠平衡钻井的产生 2 1.2.3 欠平衡钻井分类 3 1.2.4欠平衡钻井技术的优缺点 4 1.3欠平衡钻井技术现状及发展 9 1.3.1.国外主要钻井技术发展应用情况 9 1.3.2中国主要钻井技术发展应用情况 9 第2章 欠平衡钻井主要风险及原因分析 11 2.1井喷事故后果介绍 11 2.2 欠平衡钻井井喷事故原因分析 11 2.2.1 钻井液的选择失当 11 2.2.2 钻井操作失当 13 2.2.3 固井操作失当 16 2.2.4 未及时检测到井涌 17 2.2.5 检测到井涌但控制措施不适当 17 2.3 事件的综合影响及门的选择 18 第3章 事故树定性分析 20 3.1 建树过程 20 3.2 事故树定性分析 32 3.2.1 最小割集 32 3.2.2 最小径集 36 3.2.3 定性分析的意义 40 第4章 事故树定量分析 41 4.1 理论模型 4