led原理21.ppt

2、具有光电导特性的LED存储器 五、LED的多色显示 LED-Based Lighting Treatment for Wound Healing 六、LED Lighting LED-Based Lighting Treatment for Cancer Light-emitting diode (LED) probe used in the photodynamic therapy treatment of cancer. 六、研究课题与展望 目前，以平面显示器为目标的各种电子显示器处于激烈的竞争中，归根结底还是材料之间的竞争，LED的显著特征： 最突出的是LED的亮度 LED的单元小，能提高集成电路工艺进行外延掺杂，实现小尺寸的LED 长寿命 但是，LED还存在不少需要解决的问题。随着InGaN高亮度蓝色LED实现商品化，需要提高绿色LED的亮度与红色和蓝色匹配。 Promise of Solid State Lighting The use of solid state lighting devices promises huge savings in energy consumption. The electricity for lighting needs is 60GW, over 24 hrs. About 24 GWyear is consumed by incandescent lamps with a luminous intensity of 15lm/W. 36 GWyear is consumed by FL/HID lamps with a luminous intensity of 75lm/W. Assuming that by year 2020, they are replaced by LEDs with luminous intensity of 150 lm/W, energy savings are 40 GWyear. That translates to $40 billion in savings. At 4Mtons / GWyear of coal consumption, net savings lead to 25% less coal consumption, leading to lesser emissions of green house gases. Global savings are projected to be about $140B. 复习思考题： 1、固体发光有哪三个基本过程？ 2、辐射复合与非辐射复合的过程？ 3、LED的发光机理（要求：能画出同质结与异质结注入发光的能带图；说明载流子注入以及发光的机理） 4、发光二极管发光效率的定义，怎样才能提高LED的发光效率（提高LED效率有哪些途径，你认为哪些方法较好，为什么？） 5、发光二极管显示器件有哪些特点？ 6、常用的LED材料有哪几种：他们各自有何特色？ 7、发光二极管的结构原理？ Non radiative recombination The concentration of defects which cause deep levels in the active region should be minimum. Also surface recombination should be minimized, by keeping all surfaces several diffusion lengths away from the active region. Mesa etched LEDs and lasers where the mesa etch exposes the active region to air, have low internal efficiency due to recombination at the surface. Surface recombination also reduces lifetime of LEDs. Lattice matching Carriers recombine non-radiatively at misfit dislocations. Density of misfit dislocation lines per unit length is proportional to lattice mismatch. Hence the efficiency of LED’s is expected to drop as the mismatch increases. 4、温度特性 温度上升，亮度下降；温度增加