20052006年同等学历考试阅读初级班讲义翻译技巧讲解.docVIP

十 翻译技巧10 长句翻译 嵌切拆插 （一）英译汉长句翻译的基本步骤 英译汉长句翻译的关键在于两点：一是对原文的准确理解，二是恰如其分的表达。对原文的理解一般包括这样几个方面：①原作者的意旨；②作者的论点及它们之间的逻辑关系；③句与句之间的语法关系；④各个修饰成分之间的关系。除了准确理解原文之外，译文的成功与否很大程度上取决于译者对母语的驾驭能力以及对翻译技巧的灵活运用。 英译汉的长句处理一般可分为理解和表达两个阶段及5个具体的处理步骤。理解阶段可分为3个步骤：①扼要拟出全句的主要轮廓；②辨清该句的主从结构，并根据上下文领会全句的要旨；③将长句按表达的需要划分成若干部分，把握每部分的要点。表达阶段可分为两个步骤进行：①逐一翻译划开的每一部分；②对译文进行调整、组合，然后检查、修改、润色。我们看看下面一例长句的处理过程： 英语原文：It is nothing else than impurities prenatally inherent in ore that seriously affect the quality of the latter，which is formed as a result of geological vicissitudes including diastrophic movement，eruption of volcano，sedimentation，glaciation and weathering etc.，under the action of which pyrogenic rocks，volcanic complex，aqueous rocks，sedimentary rocks etc.，come into being，some of which exist in a stage of symiosis，the main cause of the absence of pure rocks in nature，wherein lies the reason for the need of separation technology and apparatus，namely，ore-dressing devices and equipment，（which has been）so far impotent to meet the requirements of metallurgical industry the scientists make every endeavor to elevate to a new high by laser separation. 第一、理解阶段 第一步，扼要拟出全句的轮廓框架，其主体结构为两个并列复合句： It is nothing else than impurities... that seriously affect the quality of the latter，（不是别的，正是杂质严重影响了后者的质量……）wherein lies the reason for the need of separation technology and apparatus（因此存在需要分离技术与器械的理由） 第二步，辨清该长句的主从结构，并根据上下文和全句内容领会其要旨： It is nothing else than impurities... that seriously affect the quality of...，which is formed as...，under the action of which... rocks... etc．，come into being...，some of which exist in...，wherein lies the reason for the need of...，（which have been）so far impotent to meet the requirements of... 第三步，将长句按表达的需要划分成若干部分，把握每部分的要点： 1）Impurities prenatally inherent in ore seriously affect its quality.（矿石中的天然杂质影响了矿石的质量。） 2）Ore is formed as a result of geological vicissitudes.（矿石的形成是各种地质运动的结果。） 3）Separation technology and apparatus are needed.（选矿技术设备很需要。）