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JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 103, 053107 (2008)A multiplexed fiber Bragg grating sensor for simultaneous salinity and temperature measurementLiqiu Men,1 Ping Lu,1 and Qiying Chen1,a~1Department of Physics and Physical Oceanography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s,Newfoundland A1B 3X7, Canada(Received 22 November 2007; accepted 29 December 2007; published online 11 March 2008)An in-line one-fiber approach to realize simultaneous measurement of salinity and temperature is proposed. The sensor system, which consists of multiplexed polymer-coated fiber Bragg gratings, showed that the polyimide-coated grating responds to variations of both temperature and salinity, while the acrylate-coated grating is only sensitive to the environmental temperature. The experimental results indicated that the temperature sensitivity of the acrylate-coated grating in water was 0.0102 nm/ ° C for redshifted Bragg wavelength with increasing temperature, and the temperature and the salinity sensitivities of the polyimide-coated grating were 0.0094 nm/ ° C (redshifted) and 0.0165 nm/M (blueshifted), respectively, which are in excellent agreement with the theoretical analysis. ? 2008 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2890156]I. INTRODUCTIONIn situ monitoring of physical, chemical, and biological parameters is of great importance for process control in manufacturing industries, protection of ecosystems, and prevention of global warming.1,2 Salinity and temperature are the most important parameters in these applications, especially in physical oceanography.2 Traditionally, the degree of salinity of water is determined by the measurement of electrical conductivity due to the presence of chlorine ions in the water solution.3 The standard optical technique to derive the information on salinity of a solution is to measure the optical refractive index through a refractometer, for which many well-known apparatus such as Pulfrich and Abbe refractome-ters have been used for ma