云南西双版纳勐腊地区小鼷鹿种群数量和栖息地选择.pdfVIP

tree coverage)、优势乔木(Dominant species of tall tree)、灌木层盖度(Shrub coverage)、优势灌木(Dominant species ofshrub)、草本层盖度(Herb coverage)、 优势草本(Dominant herb)、落叶层盖度(Leaf litter coverage)和人为活动情况 (Human activities)等。对7个定性因子的选择系数％和选择指数最的分析结果 表明，小鼷鹿偏好在土质较软、没有人类活动的中下坡位活动。对优势乔木千果 榄仁(Terminalia myriocarpa)、土沉香(Aquilaria sinensis)和粗叶榕(Ficus hirta 玩加，优势灌木木奶果(Baccaurea samiflora)、斑鸠菊(Vernonia esculenta)、云 南地桃花(Urena lobata)和大叶蒲葵(Livtona chinensis)，优势草本长柄山姜 (Alpinia kwangsiensis)和格叶(Phrynium capitatum)有选择偏好。 小鼷鹿栖境利用样地与可利用样地的6个定量因子中，仅海拔(AL)和草本 盖度(HC)两个因子差异不显著，其余4个因子差异均显著。逐步判别分析结果 显示，乔木盖度(TTC)、灌木盖度(sc)、落叶层盖度(LLC)和距水源距离(DSⅥ 是区分利用样地和可利用样地的关键因子，区分正确率达95．7％。 小鼷鹿对低海拔的河谷浅滩地带有明显的选择偏好。对胆小、活动能力较弱 的小鼷鹿来说，坡度平缓、植被完整的河岸一带有利于它遭遇天敌时迅速逃跑或 就近隐藏。而较密的乔木树冠层与高密度的灌木丛形成双重的隐蔽条件，极大地 减少了小鼷鹿被天敌发现的几率，提高了安全性，这是导致小鼷鹿在勐腊地区呈 沿海拔较低的河岸集中分布格局的原因之一。食源植物沿河谷两岸的集中分布， 是影响小鼷鹿分布格局的另一原因。 关键词：小鼷鹿，种群数量，密度分布，栖息地选择，云南 II Abstract：The size and structure of the population is the core question of Ecology． Mouse．deer(Tragulus javanicus)is the smallest known exiting cloven—hoofed (Artiokactyla)animal who is a connTlon species in foreign countries，occured in Vietnam，Laos，Thailand，Myanmar,Malaysia,and Sumatra，Java,Kalimantan of Indonesia．Only Tragulus javanicus williamsoni is distributed in China．And it just locat in Mengla,Yunnan．Mouse-deer is a fnst grade national protected animal in Wild animals protection list of China．There are little study of mouse—deer in China． Population also is an uncertain question．The contents of our study are Population and Habitat selection of mouse—deer which is located in Mengla．The result will be exposing the population and some habitat selection information of mouse—deer． Through the community visited in Mengla and Shangyong protected areas and collected the information from 10cal workers From Dec．2005 to March 2006．We know the distribution scope of mouse—deer in Xishuangbanna．There are 3 areas Mengla Dashaba reservoir area、Shangyong Mengman and longrnen areas．We had fished all of the data collection in Aug．20