F9考前自测-考点总结.docxVIP

Part A Financial RatiosFor ProfitProfitability and returnGross margin=Gross profit/ Sales revenueNet margin=Net profit/ Sales revenueEBITDA=Net profit+ Interest+ Tax+ Depreciation+ AmortizationReturn on Capital Employed = PBIT / Capital employed (Capital employed = Shareholders’ funds plus long-term liabilities or Total assets – current liability)Return on Equity=Earnings attributable to ordinary shareholders/ EquityDu Pont analysis:Return on Capital Employed = PBIT / Sales revenue × Sales revenue / Capital employed Debt and gearing Gearing = Debt/ Equity or Debt/( Debt+ Equity)Interest cove