基于单片机的太阳能电池板的毕设.doc

太阳能电池自动跟踪系统设计 摘要 本设计尝试设计一种能够自动跟踪太阳光照射角度的双轴自动跟踪系统以提高太阳能电池的光-电转化率。该系统是以单片机为核心，通过对光敏电阻对光线的感应强度，并对检测结果进行逻辑运算后，对负责方位角和高度角的直流电机进行控制，从而实现对太阳全方位跟踪。 感光装置上共有5个光敏电阻，分为两对比较电阻和一个控制电阻。在某方向上同一对电阻接受的光照强度不等时，电阻阻值发生变化，致使电压改变，之后将通过AD转换口，由单片机进行处理。并将处理过的信号输送给电机驱动芯片，从而带动电机转动感光装置，使得光线与感光装置垂直，即达到跟踪光线的目的。 一个太阳能自动跟踪装置被设计并制作出来。最终设计是成功的，通过太阳能跟踪装置，使电池板始终保持与太阳光线垂直角度，提高了能源吸收效率。 关键字 太阳能电池；光敏电阻；光源跟踪系统；电机驱动系统；单片机 Design of a Solar Automatic Tracking System Abstract In the design, we try to design an automatic tracking system with Biaxial in order to enhance solar light - electricity conversion efficiency. The system is based on single-chip, through relatively light on the photosensitive sensor resistance on the intensity, and test results of logical operations, the responsible position angle and elevation angle of the direct-current motor control, in order to achieve full-track the sun. There are five photosensitive resistor on the photosensitive device, divided into two comparative resistance and a control resistor. The same direction in a light intensity of the resistance range to accept, the resistance to change resistance, resulting voltage change, after AD conversion by mouth, by the microcontroller for processing. And the processed signal transmission to the motor driver chip, so as to drive motor rotation sensitive devices, making the vertical light and photosensitive device, which aims to track the light. A solar tracker was proposed, designed and constructed. The final design was successful, this method is increasing power collection efficiency by developing a device that tracks the sun to keep the panel at a right angle to its rays. Keywords Solar cell；Photosensitive resistance；Light tracking system；Motor drive system；Single-chip 目录 1、绪论 ………………………………………………………………………1 1.1 课题研究目的……………………………………………………………1 1.2 课题研究意义……………………………………………………………1 1.3 课题背景…………………………………………………………………4 1.4 本课题研究内容…………………………………………………………4 1.5 本课题研究设想及预期目标……………………………………………5 2、太阳能电池简介 …………………………………………………………6 2.1 基本介绍………