chpter13 monopolistic competition.pptVIP

Monopolistic Competition垄断竞争 Framework of this class what is monopolistic competition?什么是垄断竞争 the firm’s demand curve in monopolistic competition垄断竞争厂商的需求曲线 the short run equilibrium of monopolistically competitive firms垄断厂商的短期均衡 the long run equilibrium of monopolistically competitive firms垄断厂商的长期均衡 advertising广告 1. what is monopolistic competition?什么是垄断竞争 ------Markets that have some features of competition and some features of monopoly.既有完全竞争市场的一些特征，一有垄断市场的一些特征 ------ Monopolistic competition exhibits a considerable amount of competition mixed with a small dose of monopoly power.垄断竞争市场展现了相当一部分的完全竞争的特性，这些特性里又掺杂了一小部分的垄断特性 2.the short run equilibrium of monopolistically competitive firms垄断厂商的短期均衡 2.the short run equilibrium of monopolistically competitive firms垄断厂商的短期均衡 * provides the “monopolistic” aspect. Attributes of Monopolistic Competition垄断竞争的特性 Many sellers----small market shares, no collusion（共谋）, independent action很多卖家——较小的市场份额，没有共谋，独立行动 Product differentiation----- Each firm produces a product that is at least slightly different from those of other firms.产品差异性——每个厂商都生产的产品都与其他厂商产品有些许的差异性 Free entry and exit——自由进出 provide the “competitive” aspect of monopolistic competition. 提供了垄断竞争的“竞争性”一面 Quantity 0 Price Demand MR 2.The firm’s demand curve in monopolistic competition垄断竞争厂商的需求曲线 ------ Rather than being a price taker, each firm faces a downward-sloping demand curve.垄断竞争厂商不是价格接受者，每个厂商面临的需求曲线是向右下方倾斜。 There are two curves in monopolistic competition market. They are d curve and D curve.在垄断竞争市场上，有两条需求曲线，即d曲线和D曲线。 d D P Q 0 In the monopolistic competition market, d curve is flatter than D curve. 在垄断竞争市场上，d曲线比D曲线平坦。 We should pay more attention to the real demand curve. 我们应该更多关注实际需求曲线。 Quantity 0 Price Profit- maximizing quantity Price Demand MR SAC Short-run Profits Average total cost Marginal cost Economic Profit The profit-maximizing quantity is found at the intersection of the marginal-revenue and marginal-cost curves.在边际收益等于边际成本的交点处，利润实现最大化 Copyri