毕业设计（论文）-单片机控制的软起动器的设计.doc

大学毕业设计（论文）说明书 PAGE PAGE 45 摘要 作为异步电动机的起动装置，智能软起动器具有显著的节电效果及良好的工作特性等优点，因此被广泛应用。本文介绍了一种三相交流电动机软起动器的硬件组成和软件程序设计，该系统以16位单片机为核心。在电动机起动过程，通过控制晶闸管的关断和导通角进行调压调速，实现电动机的平滑起动。 本文设计的鼠笼式异步电动机软起动器以80C196KC单片机为核心，双向可控硅作为调压元件，外加显示电路、键盘电路、接口电路及软件结构等组成。根据用户的不同需求，可以设置不同的起动时间、起动电流和起动转矩，同时实现断电数据存储。应用此设备起动电动机时，可以使起动电流从零线性上升至设定值，实现平稳起动，对电动机无冲击，提高供电可靠性，同时还提供软停车功能和多种保护。研究表明：该系统结构简单、参数调整灵活、控制效果良好，具有一定的使用价值。 关键词：80C196KC 软起动器 晶闸管 交流电动机 Abstract With the remarkable save enerty function and sound performance，the intelegent soft-starer，as the acmating device of the induction motor has been used widely．The hardware composing and program designing of one soft-starter used in AC motor are mainly discussed．It is based on atmel 80C196KC mierocontroller and starts up the motor smoothly by AC pressure regulating and speed control in the start up procedure．According tothe requests，diferent start-up time，start up current an distart torque can be set．This system Can also save the setting data when the power is broken． 80C196KC single chip computer is used as the main contml of soft starter and double action thyristor as vohage adjusting element.It also introduces the correlative computer hardware and software．When it starts motor，eurrent goes up from zero to initialization linear．It realizes to calm startup，no impact to motor，improve security．It also has soft stop and many protects．The system has merit of simple structure．easily adjusting parameters．as well as good controlling effect．it has been proved in the study． Key words：80C196KC soft-starter thyristor AC motor 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc138075483 1 绪 论 PAGEREF _Toc138075483 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc138075484 1.1 引言 PAGEREF _Toc138075484 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc138075485 1.2 软起动器的实现方法 PAGEREF _Toc138075485 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc138075486 1.3 软起动器的发展方向 PAGEREF _Toc138075486 \h 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc138075487 2 软起动原理 PAGEREF _Toc138075487 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc138075488 2.1 直接起动的危害 PAGEREF _Toc138075488 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l