1997年阅读真题 翻译版.docVIP

1997年阅读真题 Questions 21 to 25 are 以…为基础，基于下面的一段（文章） 1 : To us it seems似乎；像是；装作so natural自然的；天生的to put up an umbrella to keep the water off避开 ; 让开 ; 不让…接近when it rains. But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection保护；防卫；护照n. 保护；防卫；护照 lee , safeguard , conservation , defence , pass against rain. Its first use was as a shade树荫；阴影；阴凉处；遮阳物against the sun. Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient古代的；古老的times. Probably大概；或许；很可能the first to use it were the Chinese, way back好久以前，老早就 in the eleventh century B.C. 公元前（Before Christ）；中心间距（Between Centers）；化学学士（Bachelor of Chemistry）；商学士（Bachelor of Commerce）We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt埃及and Babylon巴比伦as a sunshade遮阳伞；天棚；帽遮. And there was a strange thing connected with与…有关its use: it became a symbol象征；符号；标志of honor荣誉；信用；头衔and authority权威；权力；当局. In the Far East东亚，现在改叫亚太地区in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed允许，容许的to be used only by royalty皇室；版税；王权；专利税or by those in high offices要职；高职位. In Europe, the Greeks希腊人were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in common共同的；共有的use in ancient Greece希腊. But it is believed that the first persons in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against rain were the ancient Romans. During在…的时候，在…的期间the Middle Ages中世纪；中古时期, the use of the umbrella practically实际地；几乎；事实上disappeared不见，消失. Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century 16世纪后期.And against it was considered经过深思熟虑的；被尊重的a symbol of power and authority权力与威望. By1680, the umbrella appeared in France and later on后来；稍后；过些时候in England. By the eighteenth century, the umbrella was used against rain throughout most of Europe在欧洲大部分地区. Umbrellas have not changed much in style风格；时尚；类型；字体during all this time, though they have become much lighter轻得多in weight. It wasnt until the twentieth century that womens umbrellas began to be made in a whole variety多样；种类；杂耍of colors. Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage: Adam Smith, wri