多址接入CSMA协议仿真精读.doc

[摘要] 为满足节点用户之间的通信需要，共享通信资源方式被广泛采用。当通信资源提供给多个户共同使用时，需要多址接入协议进行调度和协调。随机多址接入技术是一种采用竞争的接方式和固定分配多址接入的目的一样，都是如何最大限度的减少数据的冲突，提高系统吞和信道的利用率。随机多址接入的主要思想是多个用户共用通信信道，他们随机占用信道发数据，一旦发生碰撞，则等待一段时间后重发，直至发送成功或超时丢弃Abstract?] ?To?satisfy?the?communication?between?nodes,?sharing?resources?is?a?common?method,?and?the?multiple?access?protocol?is?to?solve?how?the?links?can?serve?all?the?users?with?sharing?resources?efficiently?and?fairly.? Random?access?technique,?one?kind?of?contention-type?access?protocols,?solves?how?to?reduce?information?collision,?increase?system?throughput?and?channel?utilization,?like?fixed?access?technique.?The?main?idea?of?Random?Multiple?Access?is?that?plurality?of?users?share?a?communication?channel?and?occupant?it?randomly,?in?the?event?of?collision,?they?retransmit?after?waiting?a?while?or?discard?after?timeout. This?paper?firstly?introduces?the?research?background?of?the?random?multiple?access?protocol?and?its?working?principle. The pure ALOHA protocol and slotted ALOHA protocol are summarized . The npcsma protocol is described in detail. This is the main research subject of this paper . This paper analyzes the system throughput、average transmission delay and other performance indicators.After?that,?according?to?the?working?process?of?the?protocol,?based?on?Matlab?platform,?we?construct model?of?the?simulation?system?and?the?program?flow?chart?.?The simulation of npcsma is carried out, and the relationship between throughput and traffic volume is obtained. [Keywords]:?Random?multiple?access?protocol;?ALOHA;?np-CSMA;?Simulation;?Performance?analysis?. 1绪论 1.1课题背景 网络发展早期，通信基本上是以点到点或者网状的方式进行的，通过专门线路把每一个设备和其他设备连接起来从而实现通信。然而，当今网络业务迅速增长，网络结构日益复杂化，网络所能使用的通信资源也越来越紧缺。而且，节点用户之间需要交换信息，一个设备可以使用的物理连接的数量又是有限的，全部使用点到点的连接是不现实的。因此，共享通信资源的方式被广泛应用到网络架构中。共享方式有利于提高资源的使用效率，同时在用户之间保持高度的可连接性。多个设备之间共享传输媒介，需要有某种接入控制技术来保证正常通信，于是多址接入技术应运而生。在网络接入领域中，当两个或多个用户共享信道传输数据时，信息就会叠加，目的端就不能接收到正确的数据，发送端必须重新传输，直到被成功接收或超时丢弃。数据的再次传输造成了时间和信道资源的严重浪费，所以需要不断完善和发展多址接入技术，以提高网络性能。? 在多址接入协议中，多个