Diff11.pptVIP

Module 11: Inverse Methods DIFFUSION IN SOLIDS Professor Martin Eden Glicksman Professor Afina Lupulescu Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy, NY, 12180 USA Outline Time-dependent diffusion with variable diffusivity Boltzmann’s transformation Matano’s geometry Matano’s interface Application of the Boltzmann–Matano Method Application of the method of Sauer, Freise, and den Broeder Exercise Boltzmann’s Transformation Boltzmann’s Transformation Boltzmann’s Transformation Matano’s Geometry Matano’s Geometry Matano’s Interface Matano’s Interface Matano’s Interface Application of the Boltzmann–Matano Method Concentration versus Distance for Boltzmann–Matano Analysis Numerical Results for Boltzmann–Matano Analysis Application of Sauer, Freise, and den Broeder Method Sauer, Freise, den Broeder Application of Sauer, Freise, and den Broeder Method Exercise Experimental Concentration Profile for Ta in a Ta–W Diffusion couple Numerical Calculations Applied to the Experimental Profile Key Points Most real alloy systems have D varying with concentration, whereas linear diffusion theory requires that D constant. If D is only a function of concentration—not distance—, then the Boltzmann transformation may be used. This transformation introduces a similarity variable, ? x-XM/2t1/2 that depends on a new coordinate called the Matano interface, XM. The Matano interface, is the balance point, found using the Matano geometry that specifies compatible boundary conditions. The Boltzmann-Matano equation extracts D C from C x data. An alternative procedure is the Sauer, Freise, den Broeder method. The two methods yield results of comparable accuracy. ? meg/aol ‘02 Fick’s second law with variable diffusivity D C shows: Introducing Boltzmann’s similarity variable, , we obtain the first spatial derivative. The corresponding time derivative is or equivalently, Writing in terms of ? and using the chain rule, we obtain Simplifying the equation by substituting for The simplif