动词wish后宾语句中的虚拟语气.docVIP

虚拟语气与习题 动词wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气1)? 用wish表示现在的祝愿和抱歉。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be用were(was)，实义动词用过去式。例：I wish they were at home this time.2)? 用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时，或could+现在完成时。例：I wish I hadn t hurt him so much。3) 用wish表示对将来事情的愿望。其句子结构为宾语从句的结构，谓语为would/could/might+动词原形。例：I wish I might be able to come tomorrow。2. 用在一般虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气1) 表示与现在、过去、将来事实相反的假设 与现在事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：if+主语+动词的过去式（be变were）+其他主句：主语+would(should, could, might)+动词原形+其他例：If I were you, I would go with him. 与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他。例：If you had studied harder last term, you could have passed the exam. 表示对将来事实实现的可能性不大的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+should (were to )+动词原形+其他主句：主语+would (could, should, might)+动词原形例：If he were to go tomorrow, he might tell you.2.) 从句和主句要根据各自发所生的时间选用符合具体时间的虚拟语气形式 从句表示过去，主句表示现在。If they had started the early morning yesterday, they would be here now. 从句表示将来，主句表示过去。If I were not to make a preparation for my experiment this afternoon, I would have gone to see the film with you last night。 从句表示过去，主句表示将来。If we hadn t made adequate preparations, we shouldn t dare to do the experiment next week。 从句表示将来，主句表示现在。If we shouldn’t have an exam this afternoon, I would go shopping now.3. 可以引起与事实相反的方式状语从句，用虚拟语气;由as if、as though引起的与事实相反的句子，不论主句的谓语是现在时或者说过去时，其谓语表示的时间概念和句子结构，都基本上与wish后的宾语从句相同。例：John pretends as if he didn t know the thing at all, but in fact he knows it very well.(用过去式表示与现在事实相反的假设)The old man looked at the picture, he felt as though he had gone back to time 20 years ago.（用过去完成式表示与过去相反的事实）They talked and talked as if they would never meet again (would+动词原形，表示与将来事实相反)4. 在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面，其宾语从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气常用的此类动词有：表示“要求”的：ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg表示“提议、劝告、建议”的：move, propose, suggest, recommend, advise, vote表示“决定、命令”的：decide, order表示“主张”的：maintain, urge表示“同意、坚持”的：consent, insist例：The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight.He insisted that we (should) tell