2014-2015 机械专业英语 hanty.docVIP

东华理工大学长江学院2014 —2015 学年第 一 学期考试试卷（B卷） 机械工程专业英语 课程 课程类别：考查 题号 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 总分 分数 评卷人 一、英译汉：请将以下句子翻译成汉语 1. Some alloys,such as those based on a aluminum,have low densities and are used in aerospace applications for fuel economy. 句意：某些金属合金，例如铝基合金，其密度低，可用于航空宇航工业，可节约燃料。 . Some of the useful properties of ceramics and glasses include high melting temperature.Low density,high strength, stiffness,hardness,wear resistance,and corrosion resistance. 句意：高熔点、低密度、高强度、高刚度、高硬度、高耐磨性和抗腐蚀性是陶瓷和玻璃的一些有用特性。 . An optical fiber contains three layers:a core made of highly pure glasee with a high refractive index for the light to travel,a middle layer of glass with a lower refractive index known as the cladding which protects the core glass from scratches and other surface imperfections,and an outer polymer jacket to protect the fiber damage. 句意：光导纤维有三层：核心由高纯玻璃制成，该玻璃是高折射指数光传输材料；中间层是低折射指数玻璃，是保护核心玻璃面不被擦伤或表面完整性不被破坏的所谓覆层；最外层是塑料（聚合体）护套，可保护光导纤维不受损。 4. A piece of hot metal sufficient to slightly overfill the die shape is placed in the bottom die, and the top die is forced against it, so that the metal takes the internal shape of the die. 句意：将一块大小足以充填模腔并能稍有溢出的金属放入底模，并将顶模加压合拢，这块金属便获得该模腔的形状。 . With proper design, the grain flow can be oriented in the direction of principal stresses encountered in actual use. 句意：合适的设计，可以使晶粒流动方向与（该零件）实际使用时的主应力方向一致。 . For example, the diameter of a bar can be increased by heating and hammering axially. [?ks??l?] 句意：例如，将棒料加热并进行轴向锤打，其直径即增大。 Severe distortion of the metal occurs adjacent to the tool face, resulting in a crack that runs ahead of the tool. Eventually, the shear stress across the chip becomes equal to the shear strength of the material, resulting in fracture and separation. 句意：金属的剧烈变形发生在刀具前刀面的附近，导致在运动的刀具前方金属层中产生裂缝。最后，切屑横截面上的切应力达到了材料的剪切强度，造成断裂和切屑分离。 . Merchant thought that minute asperities [?sper?t?z] （表面的）粗糙existed at the chip-tool interface and the fluid was drawn into the interface by the capillary [k??p?l?ri]毛细管action of the interlocking net