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啊实打实大
6.12 2001 ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook
HUMIDITY PARAMETERS
Basic Parameters
Humidity ratio (alternatively, the moisture content or mixing
ratio) W of a given moist air sample is defined as the ratio of the
mass of water vapor to the mass of dry air contained in the sample:
(7)
The humidity ratio W is equal to the mole fraction ratio xw/xda multiplied
by the ratio of molecular masses, namely, 18.01528/28.9645
= 0.62198:
(8)
Specific humidity ??is the ratio of the mass of water vapor to the
total mass of the moist air sample:
(9a)
In terms of the humidity ratio,
(9b)
Absolute humidity (alternatively, water vapor density) dv is the
ratio of the mass of water vapor to the total volume of the sample:
(10)
The density ??of a moist air mixture is the ratio of the total mass
to the total volume:
(11)
where v is the moist air specific volume, ft3/lbda, as defined by
Equation (27).
Humidity Parameters Involving Saturation
The following definitions of humidity parameters involve the
concept of moist air saturation:
Saturation humidity ratio Ws (t, p) is the humidity ratio of
moist air saturated with respect to water (or ice) at the same temperature
t and pressure p.
Degree of saturation ??is the ratio of the air humidity ratio W to
the humidity ratio Ws of saturated moist air at the same temperature
and pressure:
(12)
Relative humidity ??is the ratio of the mole fraction of water
vapor xw in a given moist air sample to the mole fraction xws in an air
sample saturated at the same temperature and pressure:
(13)
Combining Equations (8), (12), and (13),
(14)
Dew-point temperature td is the temperature of moist air saturated
at the same pressure p, with the same humidity ratio W as that
of the given sample of moist air. It is defined as the solution td(p, W)
of the following equation:
(15)
Thermodynamic wet-bulb temperature t* is the temperature
at which water (liquid or solid), by evaporating into moist air at a
given dry-bulb temperature t and humidity ratio W, can bring air to
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