技术资料翻译.docVIP

steam which is admitted to a cold engine cylinder is liable to partially condensed by contact with the cylinder walls. 进入冷气缸的蒸汽容易由于接触到气缸壁而被部分的冷凝。 that part of the steam nearest to the walls is cooled condenses as a film of the water. 这部分的蒸汽会依附在气缸壁上形成水膜 the volume of steam in the cylinder is thereby considerably reduced, 这导致缸内的蒸汽的体积出现明显减少 and more steam must be admitted in order that the pressure is sufficiently high to drive the piston along the cylinder, 而由于蒸汽需要足够大的压力来推动活塞在缸内运动，所以又需要进更多的蒸汽 condenstion in a cylinder therefor raises the steam consumption of the engine and thereby lowers its efficiency. 因此气缸的冷凝作用加大了蒸汽的消耗，降低了自身的效率 it is therefore necessary to devise means of getting rid of this condensation as for as possible, 正由于这样，我们才需要尽可能的使用一些装置来消除这种冷凝 and in moderm recip-rocating steam engines, 在现代的往复式蒸汽机上 condensation problems have been practically eliminated 冷凝作用已经几乎被消除 this is effected by superneating(superheating???) the steam in the boiler and also by fitting steam jackets round the cylinder. 这是在锅炉里面使用高温处理蒸汽和给气缸增设蒸汽套共同作用的结果。 These are fitted into the annular space between the cylinder and the cylinder liner,and are connected to the steam supply. 这种方法里，在气缸与缸套之间形成环形间隙，并将其与蒸汽供应相连 By raising the temperature of the cylinder walls in this way,the outward flow of heat is greatly reduced. 通过这样来给气缸壁升温，蒸汽热量的向外流失大幅减少。 Steam which is exhausted from the cylinder still has a condensed and passed back to the boiler as hot feed water. 从气缸排出的蒸汽仍然要通过冷凝并将其作为热水供应到锅炉 Rapid condensation is accomplished by means of a condenser . 这个快速的冷凝是通过一个称为冷凝器的装置达到的 In this condenser,a liquid coolant is circulated through banks of metal tubes. 在冷凝器里，冷却液通过成排的金属管循环流动 By flowing over these tubes,the steam is caused to transmit some of its heat to the liqiud ,and a rapid drop in temperature occurs. 在通过这些管子的时候，蒸汽的一部分热量被传递到冷却液里并且其温度降低。 The steam condenses ,and is collected at the bottom of the condenser as condensate. 于是蒸汽被作为冷凝物被冷凝器冷凝并收集在其底部 By ensuring that there is no contact between the condensa