unit 1 great scientist11.pptVIP

Thomas Newcomen, British (1663--1729) He improved the first steam pump built by Thomas Savery in 1698 and turned it into a steam engine for taking water out of mines in 1712. James Watt improved it still further in the 1770s Gregor Mendel, Czech (1822- 1884) He grew pea plants and developed ideas on heredity(遗传学) and inherited (继承,承传) characteristics. Between1856-- 1863 he grew 28,000 pea plants. Sir Humphry Davy, British (1778- 1829) He did research into different gases and discovered the medicinal value of nitrous(含氮的) oxide(氧化物) (or laughing gas) as an anaesthetic(麻醉剂). In 1815 he developed a safety lamp for miners. Zhang Heng, Chinese (78- 139) He invented the first seismograph(测震 仪、地震仪) to indicate in the direction of an earthquake. It was in the shape of a cylinder(圆筒形) with eight dragonheads round the top, each with a ball in its mouth. Stephen Hawking, British (1942--) He has worked in astronomy and studied black holes in space. He has shown that black holes do not only absorb everything around them but, from time to time, throw out matter as well. British ( 1813~ 1858) a figure(人物) in the history of public health, epidemiology(流行病学) and anesthesiology(麻醉学) What is Cholera? Cholera is the illness caused by a bacterium(细菌) called Vibria cholerae(霍乱弧菌) . It infects people’s intestines (肠), causing diarrhea(腹泻), vomiting(呕吐) and leg cramps(抽筋) . Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research? eight stages What’s the main idea of the passage? John Snow was a well-known doctor in London. The cause of Cholera was polluted water. The source of all drinking water should be examined. How did John Snow collect, analyze the information, find the cause of the disease and solve it . Skim and Scan What was this map used for in 1854? Why couldn’t the cholera be under control at first? Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood. What’s the two theories? When the cause was found, what did the people do？ What are John Snow’s sugg