How+to+Write+Summaries.pptVIP

Concept of Summary(提要) A summary, synopsis, or recap is a shorter version of the original. Such a simplification highlights the major points from the much longer subject, such as a text, speech, film, or event. The purpose is to help the audience get the gist in a short period of time. A summary is a brief, concise restatement of the main facts or points of a passage, article or a book. It is different from a composition in that it does not express the writer’s but someone else’s ideas. Practicing writing summaries helps to train learners to write with clarity and exactness. Requirements A Written Summary A written summary starts with a lead, including title, author, text type, and the main idea of the text. It has a clearly arranged structure and is paraphrased with new words without quotations from the text. The order or procedure of the summary may not be the same as the original one. In the summary, besides the main content of the original, you can also give some of you own point of view or interpretation. The summary should not be longer than a third of the length of the original passage; it should be faithful to the original, with no change in facts or views, and no important points left out; and it should be written in continuous prose, not in the form of an outline. How to Prepare for Writing a Summary? Reading the passage carefully and try to understand it accurately. While reading, note down the essential points. Think and decide whether to follow the original order of presentation or whether to rearrange it. Do some planning before writing. Some ways you can use to make a summary brief and clear 1. Omitting the details, just include the important points. 2. Reducing the examples, out of five or six examples given in the original passage one or two may be chosen for the summary. 3. Simplifying the descriptions. If in the passage there are ten sentences describing a person or an object, it will be enough to keep one or two in the summary. 4. Eliminatin