总结气象站自记仪故障排除手段.docVIP

总结气象站自记仪故障排除手段 1各种自记仪器笔位需要调整的标准 1 all kinds of recording pen position need to adjust the standard instrument 　　将自记值同实测值比较,若两者相差较大,当气压计误差±1.5 hpa,温度计误差±1.0 ℃,湿度计误差≥10%时,应及时调整仪器笔位。虹吸雨量计:排水完毕后若不停留在自记纸0线上,虹吸作用开始时自记笔尖未指在10 mm处,应及时调整自记笔位(无降水时自记纸可连续使用8~10 d,需每天加注1.0 mm水量来抬高笔位,以免每日迹线重叠)[3]。 Recording value compared with measured values, if the two large difference, when error + 1.5 hpa barometer, thermometer error plus or minus 1.0 ℃, humidity meter error of 10% or more, should timely adjust the instrument pen. Siphon rain gauge: after the drainage if zero line does not stay on the recording paper, siphon effect at the beginning of the recording pen not refers to the 10 mm, should timely adjust the recording pen (without precipitation recording paper can continuous use 8 ~ 10 d, needs to be loaded with 1.0 mm of water every day to raise the pen, so as to avoid daily trace overlap) [3]. 　　2自记值与实测值相差过大的主要原因 2 with the field recording vary too much 　　(1)温度计与干球读数相差过大。主要原因有:感应部分(双金属片)上积有灰尘或水,干球或温度计数值误读;干球上积有灰尘或水;温度表内刻度磁板破损,毛细管内有水银滴、黑色沉淀的氧化物,水银柱中断等。 (1) and dry bulb thermometer readings differ too much. Main reasons are: induction part (bimetallic strip) on the deposition of dust or water, dry bulb thermometer or numerical misunderstanding; Dry bulb product with dust or water; Thermometer calibration within the magnetic plate breakage, mercury in capillary precipitation drops, black oxide, mercury interrupt, etc. 　　(2)湿度计与干湿球读数相差过大。对湿度计来说,可能是遇恶劣天气或久未清洗,毛发变脏(沾上灰尘),影响脱脂毛发的收缩与扩张,毛发脱落(钩),天气骤变,仪器的滞后性等造成两者相差过大。对于干湿球,则可能是蒸馏水不纯、纱布包扎过紧或被污染、湿球无水或太少甚至不到2/3、水杯中有水但久未清洗水杯、干湿球可能误读;冬季溶冰不当、调整笔位时的天气条件不适宜、调整笔位时影响放大倍率等。 (2) with wet and dry bulb hygrometer reading differ too much. For moisture meter, is likely to encounter bad weather or not clean, hair become dirty (touch dirt), affect skimmed the contraction and expansion of the hair, hair loss (hook), the weather changed and instrument cause both differ too much lag and so on. For wet and dry bulb, could be distilled water is not pu