DS-CH1-introduction.pptVIP

Architecture for grid computing systems (4/4) fabric layer provides interfaces to local resources at a specific site. connectivity layer consists of communication protocols for supporting grid transactions that span the usage of multiple resources. resource layer is responsible for managing a single resource. collective layer deals with handling access to multiple resources and typically consists of services for resource discovery, allocation and scheduling of tasks onto multiple resources, data replication, and so on. application layer consists of the applications that operate within a virtual organization and which make use of the grid computing environment. Distributed Information Systems Observation: organizations that were confronted with a wealth of networked applications, but for which interoperability turned out to be a painful experience. Many of the existing middleware solutions are the result of working with an infrastructure in which it was easier to integrate applications into an enterprise-wide information system We can distinguish several levels at which integration took place. Transaction Processing Systems In many cases, a networked application simply consisted of a server running that application (often including a database) and making it available to remote programs, called clients. Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) As applications became more sophisticated and were gradually separated into independent components (notably distinguishing database components from processing components), it became clear that integration should also take place by letting applications communicate directly with each other. Transaction processing systems Such clients could send a request to the server for executing a specific operation, after which a response would be sent back. Integration at the lowest level would allow clients to wrap a number of requests, possibly for different servers, into a single larger request and have it executed as a distributed t