江苏省徐州市贾汪区建平中学高二英语学案：U3 Grammar1（牛津译林版必修5）.docVIP

M5 U3 Grammar 1 编写人 审核人 Learning aims: To understand the usage of v-ed. To put the grammar into practice. Step 1. Review 回顾一下v-ing在句子中可作哪些成分？可参考一、二单元的语法 动名词在句中通常作 _________/ _________/_________ / ____________. 现在分词在句中作_________ /_____________/__________/___________. Step 2. Presentation v-ed 过去分词的讲解及用法 一、过去分词用于以下三种情况 1. 和助动词一起构成完成时的谓语 （have/has/had done） 2. .和be动词一起构成被动语态的谓语 （be done by） 3. 非谓语动词 done 二、过去分词包含两个特点: 一、被动； 二、完成 三、过去分词在句中所作的成分 1.过去分词作定语 1）A broken heart ; disabled students 2 Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。 3 Those elected as committee members will attend the meeting. 当选为委员的人将出席这次会议。 _________________________________________________________________ 定语从句 （注意: 当过去分词是单词时，一般用于名词前，如果是过去分词短语，就放在名词的后面。过去分词短语做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。） 2. 过去分词作宾语补足语： I heard the song sung several times last week. 上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。 Comparison: I saw the girl playing with her dog. I saw the girl get on the car and drive off. I saw the girl bitten by a dog. 3. 过去分词作表语 1）They are excited. 2）The window is broken. 3）People are often mistaken in thinking that those with high IQs always have high EQs as well. 注意：be + 过去分词，如果表示状态是系表结构，如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。区别： The window is broken.（系表） The window was broken by the boy.（被动） 4. 过去分词作状语: 表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 Lost in the forest,you should first stay calm.（____________） Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy. 虽然被告之有危险，他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。（____________） Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave.心中充满了希望与恐惧，他走进山洞。 （_____________） Seriously injured, he had to be taken to hospital. ____________ Given more time, we would do it better. __________ The old man went into the room, supported by his wife. ______________ Comparison: 比较一下现在分词与过去分词作状语时的区别 1） The teacher came in, followed by his students. 过去分词与主语在逻辑上是被动关系 2） The teacher came in, following his students. （现在分词语与主语在逻辑上是主动关系） Consolidation: 1._____ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.