金本位.pptVIP

* * 3. Gold Standard 徐愫 13水产养殖 3. Gold Standard Gold Standard, monetary system wherein all forms of legal tender may be converted into fixed quantities of fine gold. The gold standard was adopted by many countries during the late 19th century. It has three principal aims: To facilitate the settlement of international commercial and financial transactions. 促进国际商务和金融业务的开展 To establish stability in foreign exchange rates 促进外汇稳定 To maintain domestic monetary stability 维持国内货币稳定性 3. Gold Standard In the aftermath of the economic crisis of 1929 and the ensuing depression, the governments of virtually all countries found it expedient or necessary to abandon the gold standard. This policy is partly motivated by the belief that the exports of a country could be stimulated by devaluating its currency in terms of foreign exchange. 在1929年经济危机余波以及接下来的经济大萧条中，几乎所有国家的政府都发现摈弃金本位制是有利甚至是必须的。在对外贸易中降低汇率可以刺激本国的经济，这一理念的出现又很大程度上推动了政策的变更。 3. Gold Standard The United States went off the full gold standard in the early 1930s in favor of the modified gold bullion standard. Under this system, the circulation of gold coins was prohibited by law, but gold was still used in defining the value of the dollar. 美国在19世纪30年代早期摈弃了整套金本位制，推行改良的金本位制。在这个体制下，黄金流通被禁止，但黄金依然被用来量定美元的价值。 In 1978 the United States went off the gold standard completely, and by the end of the decade, no major currency was redeemable in gold. 1978年，美国彻底摈弃了金本位制，在本十年结束，没有任何主要货币进行黄金兑换。 The US and possessions are divided into 10 Standard Time zones.Each zone is approximately 15( of longitude in width.All places in each zone use,instead of their own local time, the time counted from the “mean sun” across the Standard Time meridian that passes near the middle zone. 美国按经度分为10个时区。每个区域约为15度（经度的宽度）。所有地方共同使用中央时区的时间，而不是他们自己的本地时间，中央时区是指通过子午线靠近中间区域的时区 The U.S. time zones are designated as Atlantic, Eastern, Central, Mountain, Pacific, Alaska, Hawaii-Aleutian, Samoa, Wake Island, and Guam.and